Underwater Cutting and Welding Manual

1 INTRODUCTION
1-1 SCOPE
1-2 UNDERWATER CUTTING OVERVIEW
1-3 UNDERWATER WELDING OVERVIEW

2 UNDERWATER CUTTING
2-1 INTRODUCTION
2-2 OXYGEN-ARC CUTTING
2-2.1 Principles of Operation
2-2.2 Steel-Tubular Electrodes
2-2.3 Electrode Amperage Requirements
2-2.4 Oxygen Requirements
2-2.5 Material Consumption
2-2.6 Oxygen Pressure
2-2.7 Oxygen Purity
2-2.8 Grounding the Work
2-2.9 Steel-Tubular Electrode Cutting Technique (Thick plate)
2-2.10 Steel-Tubular Electrode Cutting Technique (Thin plate)
2-2.11 Piercing Holes in Steel Plate
2-2.12 Steel-Tubular Electrode Cutting Technique (Cast Iron and Non-Ferrou Metals)
2-2.13 Post-dive Maintenance
2-3 EXOTHERMIC ELECTRODES
2-3.1 Electrode Amperage Requirements
2-3.2 Oxygen Requirements
2-3.3 Material Consumption
2-3.4 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Exothermic Electrode Cutting Process
2-3.5 Grounding the Work
2-3.6 Exothermic Cutting Technique
2-3.7 Trouble Shooting
2-3.8 Post-Dive Maintenance
2-4 SEELER ENTERPRISES LU-001 EXOTHERMIC CUTTING TOOL (KERIE CABLE)
2-4.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of the of the Kerie Cable
2-4.2 Materials Required for Kerie Cable Cutting
2-4.3 Equipment Set-up
2-4.4 Kerie Cable Preparation
2-4.5 Cutting Underwater
2-4.6 Cutting Technique
2-4.7 Cutting Thin Metals
2-4.8 Cutting Thick Metals
2-4.9 Re-Lighting Cable Underwater
2-4.10 Emergency Off Safety Procedures
2-4.11 Loss of Communications
2-4.12 Equipment Tender
2-4.13 Electrical Precautions
2-4.14 Post-Dive Maintenance
2-5 SHIELDED METAL ARC CUTTING
2-5.1 Principles of Operation
2-5.2 Materials
2-5.3 Waterproofing Electrodes
2-5.4 Underwater Shielded Metal-Arc Cutting Techniques
2-5.5 Drag Technique
2-6 CONCLUSION

3 UNDERWATER WELDING
3-1 INTRODUCTION
3-2 MECHANICAL BARRIERS
3-2.1 Cofferdams and Caissons
3-2.2 Mini-Habitats
3-3 SHIELDED METAL-ARC WELDING
3-4 WET WELDING
3-5 SHIPBUILDING MATERIALS
3-6 MATERIALS USED IN UNDERWATER SHIELDED METAL-ARC WELDING
3-6.1 Underwater Shielded Metal-Arc Welding Electrodes
3-6.2 Tong Test Ammeter
3-6.3 Electrode Polarity
3-7 UNDERWATER WELDING ARCS
3-8 CONDITIONS ADVERSE TO UNDERWATER WELDING
3-9 STRENGTH OF UNDERWATER FILLET WELDS
3-9.1 Parts of a Weld (Definitions)
3-9.2 Fillet Weld
3-9.3 Trial Weld
3-10 SURFACE CLEANING
3-11 JOINT FIT-UP
3-12 UNDERWATER SHIELDED METAL-ARC WELDING TECHNIQUES
3-12.1 Welding Set-Up Procedures
3-12.2 Self-Consuming Technique
3-12.3 Fillet Welding in the Horizontal Position (Self-Consuming Technique)
3-12.4 Welding on Thin Plates
3-13 PROCEDURE FOR REPAIRING SMALL CRACKS
3-13.1 Using a Rectangular Patch
3-13.2 Using a Circular Patch
3-14 POST-DIVE MAINTENANCE

4 UNDERWATER ARC CUTTING AND WELDING EQUIPMENT
4-1 INTRODUCTION
4-2 EQUIPMENT USED FOR UNDERWATER ARC CUTTING AND WELDING
4-2.1 Oxygen-Arc and Shielded Metal-Arc Equipment
4-2.2 Diving Equipment
4-2.3 Power Supply Requirements
4-2.4 Safety Switches
4-2.5 Power Cables and Connectors
4-2.6 Gas Manifolds
4-2.7 Underwater Oxygen-Arc Cutting Torches
4-3 EQUIPMENT FOR UNDERWATER SHIELDED METAL-ARC WELDING
4-3.1 Electrode Holders
4-4 WELDING ACCESSORIES