free book

Atlas of Human Anatomy

2009-06-04T23:13:00.001-07:00

Frank H. Netter, "Atlas of Human Anatomy"
Publisher: Saunders | 2002-10-01 | ISBN 1929007116 | PDF | 612 pages | 34.3 MB

This is the first one-volume anatomy atlas by Netter, who has illustrated eight volumes on various parts of the body for the medical and health professions. These volumes are considered classics and are owned by all medical libraries. This new one-volume atlas is a beautifully illustrated book which would be of value to public libraries because of the coverage. The 36-page index makes for easy access to the illustrations. Reference librarians will cheer to have this handy one-volume book. Recommended highly for public libraries, the book clearly outlines the human body and does a better job than any existing atlas.

Netter's Orthopaedics (Netter Clinical Science)

2009-06-04T23:10:00.000-07:00

Netter's Orthopaedics (Netter Clinical Science)
Publisher:Saunders | Pages:512 | 2005-12-01 | ISBN:1929007027 | CHM | 60.8 MB

This new compilation of Dr. Netter's famous drawings includes the work of his talented successors, who faithfully uphold the Netter tradition in their skillful depiction of the latest techniques and procedures. This new atlas-quality reference provides an essential overview of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. Clear and straightforward accompanying text describes the anatomy, basic science, and fundamental principles of evaluation and treatment that guide every clinical intervention.

* Features more than 350 informative, beautifully drawn illustrations either by, or in the style of, Frank H. Netter, MD.
* Provides relevant anatomy and basic science in the beginning of each chapter to lay the foundation for understanding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of each clinical condition.
* Covers individual topics affecting the entire musculoskeletal system, such as arthritic disorders, fractures, rehabilitation, and nerve disorders.
* Organizes diagnostic and therapeutic techniques by region to help you apply management principles in practice.

Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 18th Edition

2009-06-04T23:07:00.001-07:00

Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 18th Edition
ISBN 9781416024507 | Saunders; 18 edition (15 Aug 2007) | English | CHM edition | 230MB

Author: KLIEGMAN ROBERT, MD, Professor and Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; Richard E. Behrman, MD, Executive Chair, Pediatric Education Steering Committee, Federation of Pediatric Organizations, Menlo Park, CA; Clinical Professor of Pediatrics, Stanford University and the University of California, San Francisco, CA and George Washington University, Washington, DC; Hal B. Jenson, MD, Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Director, Center for Pediatric Research, and Senior Vice-President for Academic Affairs, Eastern Virginia Medical School and Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA; and Bonita F. Stanton, MD, Schotanus Professor and Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
For nearly three quarters of a century, Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics has been the world’s most trusted resource for best approaches to pediatric care. Now in full color for easier referencing, this New Edition continues the tradition, incorporating a wealth of exciting updates and changes—ensuring you have access to today’s authoritative knowledge to best diagnose and treat every pediatric patient you see. Whether you’re treating patients in the office or in the hospital, or preparing for the boards, Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 18th Edition is your comprehensive guide to providing the best possible care.
Features
Get an enhanced focus on general pediatrics with editorial contributions from new editor Dr. Bonita F. Stanton. Treat your inpatient and ambulatory patients more effectively with the absolute latest on new topics such as quality improvement and patient care safety • school violence and bullying • preventive measures • vitamin deficiencies • adolescent rape • effect of war on children • and more.

Improve your therapeutic skills with the newest knowledge on the principles of antibiotic therapy • antiviral therapy • antiparasitic therapy • antimycobacterial therapy • and others.

Understand the principles of therapy and which drugs and dosages to prescribe for every disease. Locate key content more easily and identify clinical conditions quicker thanks to a new full-color design and full-color
photographs.

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2nd

3rd

Harrison's Manual of Medicine, 16th Edition

2009-06-04T23:04:00.001-07:00

Harrison's Manual of Medicine, 16th Edition
McGraw-Hill Professional | ISBN 0071444416 | 2005 | 1016 Pages | PDF
This does not need any introduction but here's a brief one

The authority of Harrison’s at the point of care! Covering the full scope of internal medicine, the new edition of this “mini-textbook” is thoroughly revised to reflect new content areas and quicker retrieval of clinical information. The manual continues to focus on diagnosis and therapy with an emphasis on patient care. Features a new section on Care of the Hospitalized Patient, with a new chapter on Procedures in Internal Medicine as well as a section on patient admittance orders.

Williams Obstetrics 22th Ed

2009-06-04T22:59:00.000-07:00

Williams Obstetrics 22th Ed
Pages: 680 | Date: 2005 | ISBN: 0071413154 | Rared PDF file | Rapidshare & Depositfiles | 8.5 MB

The leading text in obstetrics for over 100 years! Rigorously referenced and cohesively written, the hallmarks of Williams Obstetrics are its thoroughness and practical applicability for the obstetrician at the bedside. The book continues to maintain its strong evidence-based approach whereby management guidelines and recommendations are evaluated on analysis of the scientific literature.

Pass: minblog

Katzung & Trevor's Pharmacology: Examination & Board Review, 6th

2009-06-04T22:57:00.000-07:00

Anthony J. Trevor, Bertram G. Katzung, Susan B. Masters, "Katzung & Trevor's Pharmacology: Examination & Board Review"
ISBN: 0838581471 | Publisher: McGraw-Hill Companies | August 6, 2001 | 6th Edition | 640 pages | DJVU | English | 11 mb

The best-selling review in pharmacology! This high-yield text continues to include the most up-to-date information on all current drugs and covers retrovirals, immunologic agents, and chemotherapies. Features two practice tests with questions and answers in USMLE format.

Katzung is the book of choice for medical students, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and any other health care student who needs a thorough review of pharmacology. This new edition has USMLE-type questions, case studies, and new information on herbal supplements.Also perfect preparation for USMLE Step 1--or any pharmacology board exam--this unique Q&A- packed review covers every aspect of the subject.

• Up-to-date, student-friendly core guide to pharmacology, from the authors of the leading text in the field
• Concise review of autonomic, cardiovascular, smooth muscle, CNS, blood, anti-inflammatory, endocrine, and chemotherapeutic drugs and drug actions
• New chapter on botanicals (herbal medications) and nutritional supplements, with questions and answers
• New Skill Keeper features--help students recall important principles discussed in earlier chapters and integrate drug
information
• All chapters rigorously updated with the latest drug information and references
• More than 1000 USMLE-type questions--almost 3 times more than any other pharmacology review
• Clinical vignette-type questions and case studies
• All the practical tools, high-yield study aids, and test strategies you need to score well on pharmacology
questions on the USMLE
• Great for course review, too

Troubleshooting Process Plant Control

2009-04-12T04:45:00.001-07:00

Troubleshooting Process Plant Control
Wiley | ISBN: 0470425148 | 2008-12-10 | PDF | 242 pages | 8 Mb

The book focuses on process control in the petroleum and refinery industries, with an emphasis on problem solving. The author explores various real life examples and relays the lessons learned from his career in this area. He explains many new yet straightforward concepts without the use of complex mathematics. This handy go-to emphasizes single and well-established process engineering principles that will help working engineers and operators switch manual control loops to automatic control.

enjoyed!!!

Monomers, Polymers and Composites from Renewable Resources

2009-04-12T04:43:00.000-07:00

Monomers, Polymers and Composites from Renewable Resources
Elsevier Science | ISBN: 0080453163 | 2008-06-06 | PDF | 560 pages | 5 Mb

The progressive dwindling of fossil resources, coupled with the drastic increase in oil prices, have sparked a feverish activity in search of alternatives based on renewable resources for the production of energy.

Given the predominance of petroleum- and carbon-based chemistry for the manufacture of organic chemical commodities, a similar preoccupation has recently generated numerous initiatives aimed at replacing these fossil sources with renewable counterparts. In particular, major efforts are being conducted in the field of polymer science and technology to prepare macromolecular materials based on renewable resources. The concept of the bio-refinery, viz. the rational exploitation of the vegetable biomass in terms of the separation of its components and their utilisation as such, or after suitable chemical modifications, is thus gaining momentum and considerable financial backing from both the public and private sectors.
This collection of chapters, each one written by internationally recognised experts in the corresponding field, covers in a comprehensive fashion all the major aspects related to the synthesis, characterization and properties of macromolecular materials prepared using renewable resources as such, or after appropriate modifications. Thus, monomers such as terpenes and furans, oligomers like rosin and tannins, and polymers ranging from cellulose to proteins and including macromolecules synthesized by microbes, are discussed with the purpose of showing the extraordinary variety of materials that can be prepared from their intelligent exploitation.

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Compressors and Modern Process Applications

2009-04-12T04:42:00.001-07:00

Compressors and Modern Process Applications
Publisher: Wiley | 339 pages | September 12, 2006 | ISBN 047172792X | PDF | 60 MB

Thoroughly addressing process-related information and a wider variety of the major compressor types of interest to process plants, Compressors and Modern Process Applications uniquely covers the systematic linkage of fluid processing machinery to the processes they serve.

This book is a highly practical resource for professionals responsible for purchasing, servicing, or operating compressors. It describes the main features of over 300 petrochemical and refining schematics and associated process descriptions involving compressors and expanders in modern industry.
The organized presentation of this reference covers first the basics of compressors and what they are, and then progresses to important operational and process issues. It then explains the underlying principles, operating modes, selection issues, and major hardware elements for compressors. Topics include double-acting positive displacement compressors, rotary positive displacement compressors, understanding centrifugal process gas compressors, power transmission and advanced bearing technology, centrifugal compressor performance, gas processing and turbo-expander applications, and compressors typically found in petroleum refining and other petrochemical processes.

Suitable for plant operation personnel, machinery engineering specialists, process engineers,as well as undergraduate students of this subject, this book's special features include:
* Flow schematics of modern process units and processes used in gas transport, gas conditioning, petrochemical manufacture, and petroleum refining
* Listings of licensors for each process on the flow schematics
* Identification of each process flow schematic of compressors, cryogenic, and hot gas expanders at their respective locations
* Important overview of surge control, estimating compressor performance, applications for air separation and gas processing plants, petroleum refinery issues, and important criteria that govern compressor selection and application

Placing hundreds of associated process flow schematics at the fingertips of professionals and students, author and industry expert Heinz Bloch facilitates comprehension of the workings of various petrochemical, oil refining, and product upgrading processes that are served by compressors.

enjoyed!!!

The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum, Fourth Edition (Chemical Industries) by: James G. Speight

2009-04-12T04:40:00.001-07:00

The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum, Fourth Edition (Chemical Industries) by: James G. Speight
Publisher: CRC Press | 2006-10-31 | ISBN: 0849390672 | Pages: 984 | PDF | 9.3 MB

The fourth edition of a bestseller, this book details the chemistry and technology of petroleum as it has evolved into the twenty-first century. It includes new chapters on recovery of heavy oil and tar sand bitumen; deasphalting and dewaxing processes; analysis, properties, and specifications for petroleum products; environmental aspects of refining; refinery wastes; entry into the environment; environmental analysis; and new developments. This text also features revised and expanded coverage of instability and incompatibility, refinery distillation, thermal cracking, hydrotreating and desulfurization, hydrocracking, as well as hydrogen production.

The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum features:

* Presents the latest methods for recovering heavy oil and tar sand bitumen
* Describes new trends for handling heavier feedstock while avoiding incompatibility issues, particularly with blended feedstock
* Provides current environmental regulations and product specifications
* Examines ways to reduce sulfur levels in liquid fuels to meet tighter product specifications
* Contains new discussions on environmental aspects of refining, including refinery wastes, environmental impact, and analysis
* Enhances the text with over 300 figures and tables, including chemical structures and process flow sheets

enjoyed!!!

Cool Thermodynamics: Engineering and Physics of Predictive, Diagnostic and Optimization Methods for Cooling Systems

2009-04-12T04:38:00.000-07:00

This book is geared toward those interested in the engineering and physics of airconditioning and refrigeration devices (chillers). Analytic thermodynamic models are developed for a wide variety of cooling systems and a broad range of operating conditions. These models are easily implemented in the field or laboratory. Although the authors focus upon mechanical (electrically-driven) chillers - primarily reciprocating and centrifugal machines - there is also substantial material on heat-driven absorption chillers. Heat pumps and heat transformers are also addressed. A few less common chiller types are also treated, such as thermoelectric, thermoacoustic and vortex-tube units. The material is presented in a manner that can appeal to both the engineer and the physicist, and can form a bridge between the two communities in their analysis and presentation of cooling systems. In each chapter, the authors try to capture the basic physics of the problem, and to emerge with quantitatively accurate predictive and diagnostic tools. They aim for simple thermodynamic models where the functional dependences of chiller performance on the major operating variables are transparent. And all the models presented are required to stand the test of comparison against experimental performance data. The reader is shown how chillers can be viewed as input-output devices, viewed from the outside and probed with only externally-measurable parameters such as power input, cooling rate and coolant temperatures. measurable parameters such as power input, cooling rate and coolant temperatures.

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Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 17th

2009-03-16T04:16:00.001-07:00

elson Textbook of Pediatrics 17ed
HTML | 71 MB (RAR) | 2618 pages | W.B. Saunders June 29, 2004 | ISBN: 0721603904

The publication of this 17th Edition of Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics provides a new and comprehensive update and synthesis of pediatric medicine and related science. It continues to represent the \"state of the art\" on the broad spectrum of normal and abnormal growth and development and of disorders and diseases that affect children and youth.

From Book News, Inc.
Edited by Behrman (pediatrics, Stanford U. School of Medicine), Kliegman (pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin), and Jenson (pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School), this general medical school textbook seeks to be comprehensive in its treatment of the medical problems faced by children. In addition to the standard information on diseases and disorders, organized by bodily system, the editors include sections on psychological disorders, social issues, children with special health needs, nutrition, development, and environmental health hazards.

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PDF version...

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Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 18th Edition

2009-03-16T04:02:00.001-07:00

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part 2

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part 3

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Culturing Nerve Cells, Second Edition (Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience)

2009-03-14T07:56:00.000-07:00

Culturing Nerve Cells, Second Edition (Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience)
The MIT Press | ISBN: 0262024381 | 1998-09-11 | PDF | 666 pages | 6 Mb

Because neurons and glia in culture are remarkably similar to those in situ, culture systems make it possible to identify significant cell interactions and to elucidate their mechanisms. This book is in many ways a do-it-yourself manual for culturing nerve cells, complete with recipes and protocols. But it also provides an understanding of the principles behind the protocols. In effect the contributors invite you into their labs and provide much of the information you would obtain from such a visit.

The authors of the introductory chapters present the nuts-and-bolts principles of growing nerve cells. The authors of the following chapters discuss the culturing of specific cell types. They explain how their experimental goals have shaped their particular cell culture approach and the advantages and disadvantages of the cell culture systems they have developed. They provide detailed protocols and describe their cultures in practical terms, from when the cells are first plated through the various phases of their development.

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The Nuts and Bolts of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

2009-03-13T21:57:00.001-07:00

The Nuts and Bolts of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Wiley-Blackwell; 1 edition | May 11, 2007 | ISBN: 1405153725 | 224 pages | PDF | 2.4 Mb

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an exciting new option for a growing number of heart failure patients, but CRT systems present special challenges to clinicians, even those accustomed to working with pacemakers. Now, Tom Kenny demystifies the field in this timely, easy-to-understand paperback.

The Nuts and Bolts of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy concentrates on the practical aspects of how these devices work and how to follow the growing number of patients who are using them to fight heart failure. Designed specifically for the non-specialist, the book explains how the device works, how and why CRT-paced ECGs look different, and how to test for proper function of a CRT system. It also includes a systematic (numbered sequence) guide to follow-up that you can use in the clinic.

This practical reference offers:

* clear, straightforward explanations that require no prior training in device therapy
* many CRT ECGs to familiarize you with what you will encounter in practice
* a generous illustration program that includes diagrams, charts, and anatomy pictures to reinforce the text
* sensible advice on daily issues and troubleshooting systems
* current references to the latest clinical studies and device technology
* accessible information, organized for ease of navigation
* a helpful glossary at the end of the book

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

2009-03-13T21:54:00.000-07:00

Martin G. St. John Sutton, Jeroen Bax, Mariell Jessup, Josep Brugada, Martin Schalij "Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy"
Informa Healthcare | 2007-09-19 | ISBN: 1841846376 | 338 pages | PDF | 7,5 MB

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is one of the most exciting new advances in the treatment of chronic severe heart failure associated with dyssynchronous ventricular contraction that is refractory to medical treatment. This new text is edited by 5 experts in heart failure, electrophysiology, and non-invasive cardiac imaging, and is extensively illustrated with high quality figures and examples of clinical cases. The purpose of the book is to put into perspective this novel therapy with regards to traditional heart failure treatment and to provide criteria for the identification of patients likely to have an optimal and sustained response to CRT using a practical approach. This text begins by describing the background and evolution of the technique to the current implementation and the impact of complications on clinical outcome. There are chapters describing cutting-edge Doppler echocardiography for assessing dyssynchrony, reverse remodeling, and triaging patients into those with greatest likelihood ofresponding to CRT with illustrative clinical case examples. There is a full description of the results of all the randomized clinical trials and a number of chapters discussing the need for concomitant internal cardiac defibrillator (ICD), special circumstances such as atrial fibrillation, right bundle branch block, left ventricular lead placement, and the etiology of heart failure with clinical case examples for each.

Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners

2009-03-13T21:52:00.001-07:00

Myung K. Park, "Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners"
Mosby; 5 ed | 2007 | ISBN: 0323046363 | 704 pages | PDF | 18,5 MB

From history and physical examination through electrocardiography and the management of special problems, this popular reference provides the practical guidance you need to diagnose and manage children with congenital and acquired heart disease. The fully revised 5th edition incorporates recent diagnostic and therapeutic advances in pediatric cardiac surgery, blood pressure standards, and cardiac arrhythmias.
Practical guidance from a single author presents the knowledge you need in a cohesive, consistent manner.
Extensive coverage of special problems, including congestive heart failure and syncope, helps you select the best approaches for your patients.
A compact, portable size facilitates easy reference in the busy clinical setting.
New coverage of surgical techniques in pediatric cardiology, the application of interventional non-surgical techniques, blood pressure standards, and cardiac arrhythmia treatments puts the most recent management approaches at your fingertips.
New line drawings guide you through the latest techniques.

Aging, Heart Disease, and Its Management: Facts and Controversies (Contemporary Cardiology)

2009-03-13T21:50:00.000-07:00

Aging, Heart Disease, and Its Management: Facts and Controversies (Contemporary Cardiology)
Publisher: Humana Press | 2002-11-14 | ISBN: 1588290565 | PDF | 408 pages | 17.82 MB

Columbia Univ, New York City, NY. Comprehensive text on the latest therapies and surgical techniques available for treating special cardiovascular problems of the elderly. Features arrhythmias, syncope, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and a review of surgical management. DNLM: Aging--Philosophy.

Management of Complex Cardiovascular Problems: The Evidence-Based Medicine Approach

2009-03-13T21:48:00.000-07:00

Thach Nguyen, Dayi Hu, Moo-Hyun Kim, Cindy Grines
"Management of Complex Cardiovascular Problems: The Evidence-Based Medicine Approach"
Wiley-Blackwell | 2007-03-05 | ISBN: 1405140313 | 464 pages | PDF | 1,2 MB

What the practicing cardiologist really needs is a text that emphasizes unbiased, up to date information and that places this information into an appropriate context. The third edition of Management of Complex Cardiovascular Problems: The Evidence-based Medicine Approach, carefully edited by Dr Thach N. Nguyen and his co-Editors, does precisely this”. From the Foreword by Eugene Braunwald, MD, Distinguished Hersey Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School.
Patients with complex cardiovascular problems pose a special management challenge for both the specialist and the non-specialist. To make the best treatment decisions and avoid potential problems, you need to stay on top of ever-changing standards of care. Management of Complex Cardiovascular Problems: The Evidence-based Medicine Approach, Third Edition, supplies dependable information you can use in daily practice.
Conveniently boxed summaries give you immediate access to:
• Critical thinking – presenting new concepts
• Evidence-based medicine – the key results of important clinical trials
• Emerging trends – how new information can be applied to improve practice
• Clinical pearls – advice from master clinicians
• Take home messages – succinct summaries of each chapter

This concise text offers candid advice on incorporating evidence-based data concerning:
• Acute coronary syndrome
• ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
• Hypotension and shock in acute myocardial infarction
• Care of the patient undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery
• Care of the patient undergoing non-cardiac surgery
• Pulmonary hypotension
• Heart failure
• Ventricular tachycardia
• Atrial fibrillation
• Mitral regurgitation
• Ischemic stroke
• Syncope
• Congenital heart disease in adults

Vizimag 3.161

2009-03-02T03:28:00.001-08:00

Vizimag 3.161 | 3 MB

The Vizimag transformer design aid now allows for variable geometry between primary and secondary and provides an air coupling mode which works in 2D simulation. The inductance of straight coils can be measured with a single click. Curved magnets and coils can now have the N and S poles on the curved surface. The contour line width can be user selected.

Full function list:

bullet

Transformer design: A manual mode calculates the parameters of a transformer equivalent circuit The model mode takes data from a Vizimag model and calculates flux coupling and inductance from a Vizimag simulation. The manual mode will remain working when the trial period is over.
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Force function: The magnetic force on a selected object can be calculated with a single click. Available on most objects.
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Flux density contours: A set of fixed, or user defined, contours can be plotted on the flux density display. The contours can be marked using the annotation function.
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Annotation: The plot area can be annotated. The annotation is saved with the model.
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Animation mode: Simple text script, syntax checking, error checking, full control of display modes and animation speed, plot B or H: magnitude, normal or tangential to plot line, export of plot data for each frame of an animation.
bullet

Magnetic models: rectangular, toroidal and curved magnets, solenoids and regions; triangular and circular regions, freeform magnets and solenoids, fully variable external field direction.
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Editing functions: Add, move, copy, rotate, flip, switch poles, size, zoom and pan, delete key, arrow key fine adjustment, grid scaling, direct dimension entry, keyboard shortcuts, unlimited undo/redo, remembers last folder opened or saved.
bullet

Inductance: the inductance of straight solenoids is estimated from the analysis result.
bullet

Calculator mode: The calculator mode allows the flux density of a single or multi-layer air-cored solenoid to be calculated anywhere on or off-axis. The calculation is from the theoretical equations and is accurate to several decimal places. this function remains working when the trial period is over.
bullet

Full graphical interface: toolbars, status readouts, B, Bx, By and angle read out.
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Analysis meshes: up to 400 X 400.
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Plot facility: options include log axis and titles. B or H, magnitude or normal or tangential to plot line. Integrals and averages are shown where appropriate.

Other features:
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Automatic export of plot data in spreadsheet compatible format.
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Option to export plot data for each frame of an animation in a multi-worksheet spreadsheet.
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Simple relative units or full absolute units modes.
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Export of flux density data and direction in spreadsheet compatible format.
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Automatic saving of an analysis run.
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bmp, gif and jpg clipboard formats.
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Field line and flux density displays.
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Option to have wires enclosed in core material.
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Models entered with a few mouse clicks.
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External fields.
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Full tutorial included.

Vizimag v3.17

2009-03-02T03:26:00.000-08:00

Vizimag 3.17 | 3.46 Mb

New Vizimag 3.17 for visualizing magnetic fields is simple to use electromagnetic modelling software giving an analysis and simulation of field lines and flux density. A fast alternative to finite element and boundary element software, Vizimag includes a meter function to measure and plot magnetic flux density. Magnetic field animations can be created and a transformer design aid is included.

Full function list:

Transformer analysis: A manual mode calculates the parameters of a transformer equivalent circuit The model mode takes data from a Vizimag model and calculates flux coupling and inductance from a Vizimag simulation. Variable geometry and air coupled modes. The manual mode will remain working when the trial period is over.

Force function: The magnetic force on a selected object can be calculated with a single click. Available on most objects.

Flux density contours: A set of fixed, or user defined, contours can be plotted on the flux density display. The contours can be marked using the annotation function. Line width can be changed.

Annotation: The plot area can be annotated. The annotation is saved with the model.

Animation mode: Simple text script, syntax checking, error checking, full control of display modes and animation speed, plot B or H: magnitude, normal or tangential to plot line, export of plot data for each frame of an animation.

Magnetic models: rectangular, toroidal and curved magnets, solenoids and regions; triangular and circular regions, freeform magnets and solenoids, external fields.

Editing functions: Add, move, copy, rotate, flip, switch poles, size, zoom and pan, delete key, arrow key fine adjustment, grid scaling, direct dimension entry, keyboard shortcuts, undo/redo.

Inductance: the inductance of solenoids and toroids is estimated from the analysis result.

Calculator mode: The calculator mode allows the flux density of a single or multi-layer air-cored solenoid to be calculated anywhere on or off-axis. The calculation is from the theoretical equations and is accurate to several decimal places. this function remains working when the trial period is over.

Full graphical interface: toolbars, status readouts, B, Bx, By and angle read out.

Analysis meshes: up to 800 X 800.

Plot facility: options include log axis and titles. B or H, magnitude or normal or tangential to plot line. Integrals and averages are shown where appropriate.

Other features:

Optional export of plot data in spreadsheet compatible format.

Option to export plot data for each frame of an animation in a multi-worksheet spreadsheet.

Simple relative units or full absolute units modes.

Snap to grid feature.

Automatic saving of an analysis run.

bmp, gif and jpg clipboard formats.

Field line and flux density displays.

Option to have wires enclosed in core material.

Models entered with a few mouse clicks.

Vizimag is designed for fast, intuitive modeling and calculation, and can be used by scientists and engineers, or as a teaching aid to demonstrate the principles of magnetic materials and circuits.

Vista Style Islamic Wallpapers

2009-03-02T03:22:00.001-08:00

Vista Style Islamic Wallpapers
20 JPG | Mixed Sizes | 5,2 MB

Al-Jazeera . Guest with a Gun

2009-03-02T03:13:00.001-08:00

Al-Jazeera - Guest with a Gun

A documentary was broadcasted by Al-Jazeera Satellit Channel reporting on Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, the wing arm of hamas.

70 Makkah Wallpapers

2009-03-02T03:03:00.000-08:00

Daniel Varisco - Islam Obscured: The Rhetoric of Anthropological Representation

2009-03-02T02:57:00.000-08:00

Daniel Varisco - Islam Obscured: The Rhetoric of Anthropological Representation
Palgrave Macmillan | 2005 | ISBN: 1403967725 | Pages: 240 | PDF | 1.97 MB

Islam Obscured analyzes four seminal anthropology texts on Muslims that have been read widely outside the discipline. Two are by distinguished anthropologists: Islam Observed (Clifford Geertz, 1968) and Muslim Society (Ernest Gellner, 1981). Two other texts are by Muslim scholars: Beyond the Veil (Fatima Mernissi, 1975) and Discovering Islam (Akbar Ahmed, 1988). Varisco argues that each of these approaches Islam as an essentialized organic unity rather than letting "islams" found in the field speak to the diversity of practice. He sheds light on Islam as a cultural phenomenon, representation of the other, Muslim gender roles, politics of ethnographic authority, and Orientalist discourse. Varisco's analysis goes beyond the rhetoric over what Islam is, focusing instead on ethnographic research about what Muslims say they do and actually are observed doing.

RS Link: http://rapidshare.com/files/204214054/ii06.rar

The New Art And Science Of Pregnancy And Childbirth

2009-02-17T04:48:00.001-08:00

The New Art And Science Of Pregnancy And Childbirth by Tan Thiam Chye, Tan Kim Ten, Tan Heng Hao, John Tee Chee Seng
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company 2008-01 | 348 Pages | ISBN: 9812779396 | PDF (HQ) | 59 MB

Edited by prominent obstetricians in KK Women's and Children's Hospital, the largest maternity hospital in Singapore with about 12,000 babies delivered each year, this book provides a comprehensive and informative look at pregnancy and childcare. It covers topics ranging from pre-pregnancy care, pregnancy care, and actual delivery to baby care. It also addresses common questions like, What are the pre-pregnancy vaccinations that I need? , Is it safe to dye, re-bond or perm my hair when I am pregnant? , and Are Chinese herbs and TCM safe for pregnancy? Written by a diverse team of contributors, this easy-to-read book (replete with illustrations) is highly recommended for the lay person and busy career mums-to-be who are preparing for the arrival of their newborns.

Contents: Pre-pregnancy Care: Pre-pregnancy Vaccination; Sexual Position and Timing for Conception; Baby Gender Selection -- Boy or Girl?; All About Your Pregnancy: Before the First Antenatal Visit; Thalassemia Tests; Antenatal Ultrasound Scans; Vaginal Discharge During Pregnancy; Concerns About Your Delivery: Birth Plan and Role of a Doula; Induction of Labor (IOL); Fetal Monitoring During Labor; Vacuum and Forceps Delivery; Cord Blood Banking; Postnatal and Baby Care: Baby Blues and Depression; Breastfeeding; Care of the Newborn; Resuming Sexual Relations and Contraception; Myths about Confinement; and other papers.
or

most recomended use this!!!

Petroleum Geoscience

2009-02-15T00:55:00.000-08:00

Petroleum Geoscience By Jon Gluyas, Richard Swarbrick
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell | Pages: 376 | 2003-11-14 | ISBN: 0632037679 | PDF | 23Mb

Petroleum Geoscience is a comprehensive introduction to the application of geology and geophysics to the search for and production of oil and gas.

Uniquely, this book is structured to reflect the sequential and cyclical processes of exploration, appraisal, development and production. Chapters dedicated to each of these aspects are further illustrated by case histories drawn from the authors' experiences. Petroleum Geoscience has a global and 'geo-temporal' backdrop, drawing examples and case histories from around the world and from petroleum systems ranging in age from late-Pre-Cambrian to Pliocene.

In order to show how geoscience is integrated at all levels within the industry, the authors stress throughout the links between geology and geophysics on the one hand, and drilling, reservoir engineering, petrophysics, petroleum engineering, facilities design, and health, safety and the environment on the other.

* Petroleum Geoscience is designed as a practical guide, with the basic theory augmented by case studies from a wide spread of geographical locations.
* Covers all the key aspects of the origin of petroleum, exploration, and production. It takes account of the modern emphasis on the efficient utilisation of reserves, on new methods in exploration (such as 3-D seismics).
* Book takes 'value-chain' approach to Petroleum Geoscience.
* First new text on petroleum geology for geology undergraduates to be published in the last ten years.
* Packed full of real-life case studies from Petroleum industry.

Innovations in Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery

2009-02-15T00:47:00.000-08:00

M. Eisenmann-Klein, C. Neuhann-Lorenz, "Innovations in Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery"
Springer | 2007-11-28 | ISBN: 3540463216 | 494 pages | PDF | 25,9 MB

In preparation for the quadrennial international IPRAS conference, leading plastic surgeons worldwide have been asked by the International Confederation for Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery to contribute their most up-to-date findings, research results, and experiences in their area of expertise. The book is structured according to the major fields of plastic surgery, and the reader is thus offered insight into the most significant contributions to the international community, as well as into new developments, tricks, and refinements in the field.
This book is about visions and pioneers in the field share their innovations with the reader.
Innovations in Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery will not only give plastic surgeons up-to-date knowledge of new developments, but will inspire with its innovations, many of which have not been published before.

Handbook of Plastic Surgery

2009-02-15T00:44:00.000-08:00

Steven E. Greer, Prosper Benhaim, Michael T. Longaker, H. Peter Lorenz, James Chang, Marc H. Hedrick
"Handbook of Plastic Surgery"
Informa HealthCare | 2004-08-30 | ISBN: 0824742966 | 784 pages | PDF | 11 MB

Beneficial to practicing surgeons and students alike, this illustrative handbook provides quick access to established procedures and best practices in plastic surgery, otolaryngology, dermatology, and emergency medicine-providing easy-to-use and practical information for surgeons studying for recertification or for fellows, residents, and medical students preparing for patient rounds.

Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2009

2009-02-10T22:56:00.000-08:00

Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2009
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Professional | Pages: 1728 | Date: 2008-10-02 | ISBN: 0071591249 | CHM | 73,4MB

The #1 annually updated text in internal medicine — trusted, authoritative, and essential to daily practice CMDT delivers the most current insights into signs, symptoms, epidemiology, etiology, and treatment for over 1,000 diseases and disorders. Turn to any topic, and you’ll find on-the-spot, evidence-based answers that reflect the most recent developments in diagnosis and treatment. This concise, authoritative reference gets you up to speed–fast–on the latest medical advances, prevention strategies, cost-effective treatments, and more.

New Journal of Chemistry - January 2009

2009-02-10T22:50:00.000-08:00

Karen H. Calhoun, et al, "Head and Neck Surgery - Otolaryngology (2-Volume Set)" (3rd edition)

2009-02-09T22:39:00.000-08:00

A significant clinical reference, with contributions from internationally recognized authorities in otolaryngology. This invaluable text for otolaryngologists and residents emphasizes current clinical diagnosis and therapy, appropriate surgical techniques and critical evaluation of alternative methods of treatment. It provides consistently high-quality illustrations, with 95% of the line art created by a single illustrator, Tony Pazos. Each chapter offers information on diagnosis, surgical and non-surgical treatment, complications, emergencies and future trends. Highlights (5-10 key points to remember) appear at the end of each chapter and clinical indications are found within many chapters.

Ten years ago we accepted the challenging task of creating a new comprehensive textbook dealing with the specialty of head and neck surgery — otolaryngology. We are pleased to report the success of our first two editions, and are enthusiastic about the additions, improvements, and updated information in this third edition. Since you are taking the time to read this preface, you are obviously interested in the who, what, and why of our efforts, so we will share our vision with you in the next few paragraphs.
A group of experienced teacher-surgeons set off on a journey toward the common goal of creating a learning system that was organized in a new way that would facilitate the cognitive mastery of our specialty. We have worked together again for two years, and have also enlisted many new expert authors, in order to fashion the product you are holding in your hands.
“More than a textbook — it’s a learning system,” is the phrase we have uttered repeatedly. What does such a claim mean to you? Why should you believe in our concept or invest in our work?
To bring this novel idea into being, first and foremost we have sought the most important, new scientific information — content relevant to the fundamental decisions we make in caring for patients. We have organized this information into a sound educational format with the following key features:
— Consistent and balanced chapter elements
— Extensive use of summary tables
— Creation of clear new illustrations
— Highlight summaries at the end of each chapter for emphasis
The end result is a comprehensive, high-quality two-volume set that is “reader friendly,” yet effective in its facilitation of the process by which physicians achieve clinical competence in a specialty.
We take great pride in the success achieved by our editorial team in attracting many of the finest authors in each subspecialty category, communicating our vision to them, and encouraging them to work within our publishing deadlines. The spectacular illustrations by Tony Pazos and Christine Gralapp have enhanced the written word very effectively and have clarified the complex subjects to be understood. We have enjoyed working with the seasoned international support team at Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, who have helped to refine our initial ideas and expand our understanding of educational psychology and its interface with modern medical publishing.
We have arrived together once more at the moment when our vision becomes a reality. Months of teamwork now have been transformed into tangible volumes that are available for your use — for your further education — toward the benefits of better care for your patients.
Some have asked: “Do we really need another textbook in this specialty?” Yes, we do. I am even more certain that we need a learning system. We have taken a major step toward that goal, and we eagerly await your criticism and your suggestions for improvement.
It is an honor to provide these thoughts on behalf of this illustrious editorial team of head and neck surgeons — otolaryngologists. We welcome your decision to embark with us on this journey toward a higher level of medical understanding.

The 12 Lead ECG in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction

2009-02-05T08:01:00.000-08:00

The 12 Lead ECG in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Practical Approcah for Clinicians
Publisher:Wiley-Blackwell | Pages: 99 | 2007-10-01 | ISBN:1405157860 | PDF | 2.6 MB

This guide to the proper use of the ECG in diagnosing acute myocardial infarction puts the combined experience of international authorities at your fingertips for immediate use. In The 12 Lead ECG in ST Elevation MI: A Practical Approach for Clinicians, Drs. Bayés de Luna, Fiol-Sala and Antman supply the practical, specific information you need to determine which patients with ACS are showing ST elevation.
To facilitate correct diagnosis and guide management, the authors use a consistent sequence to explain the ECG abnormalities for each site of coronary occlusion. A schematic of the coronary tree illustrates the point of occlusion.
The second part of the book contains a self-assessment section with a series of 15 cases, each of which includes one or more 12-lead ECGs for analysis. These valuable examples help you prepare for on-the-spot interpretation in the emergency department or intensive care unit.

Reperfusion Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction

2009-02-05T07:55:00.000-08:00

ic R. Bates, "Reperfusion Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction (Fundamental and Clinical Cardiology)"
Informa HealthCare | 2008-03-20 | 0849343585 | 416 p | PDF | 4.4 MB

Covering the latest clinical trials and guidelines, this source provides a comprehensive review of reperfusion therapy for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). With an international team of contributors, this source addresses key developments that will reduce logistical barriers, improve times-to-treatment, and ensure that appropriate medications are administered in patient care.

Fundamentals and Technology of Combustion

2009-01-27T20:56:00.000-08:00

Fundamentals and Technology of Combustion
Elsevier Science | 864 Pages | 2002 | ISBN: 0080441068 | PDF | 15 MB

Fundamentals and Technology of Combustion contains brief descriptions of combustion fundamental processes, followed by an extensive survey of the combustion research technology. It also includes mathematical combustion modeling of the processes covering mainly premixed and diffusion flames, where many chemical and physical processes compete in complex ways, for both laminar and turbulent flows. The combustion chemistry models that validate experimental data for different fuels are sufficiently accurate to allow confident predictions of the flame characteristics. This illustrates a unique bridge between combustion fundamentals and combustion technology, which provides a valuable technical reference for many engineers and scientists.

Moreover, the book gives the reader sufficient background of basic engineering sciences such as chemistry, thermodynamics, heat transfer and fluid mechanics. The combustion research and mathematical models fit between small-scale laboratory burner flames, and large-scale industrial boilers, furnaces and combustion chambers. The materials have been collected from previous relevant research and some selected papers of the authors and co-workers, which have been presented mainly in different refereed journals, international conferences and symposia, thus providing a comprehensive collection.

Furthermore, the book includes some of the many recent general correlations for the characteristics of laminar, turbulent, premixed and diffusion flames in an easily usable form. The authors believe that further progress in optimizing combustion performance and reducing polluting emissions can only be treated through understanding of combustion chemistry.

http://letitbit.net/download/456801581375/Fundamentals.rar.html

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2009-01-20T21:10:00.000-08:00

Shutterbug 02/2009

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Circuit Cellar Magazine No. 223 February 2009
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Popular Science - February 2009

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economic journal request

2009-01-13T03:59:00.000-08:00

this is request journal link.....topic its about pension and cost, enjoyed....

http://www.pwc.com/extweb/pwcpublications.nsf/docid/130848181CEF96068525718D00710F63/$FILE/pension-paper.pdf

http://www.management.energy.gov/documents/GAO-04539.pdf

http://www.uwo.ca/humanresources/docandform/docs/formeremployee/benefits/uwopabooklet.pdf

http://www.iasplus.com/dttpubs/0705postretirement.pdf

http://www.fasb.org/project/fas132r_cl_summary.pdf

http://www.eapdlaw.com/files/News/2bfc2d94-9b37-413d-a7d0-00de67054e5b/Presentation/NewsAttachment/8a786e81-0282-40bc-81c0-01de45ad8adf/Accounting%20Standards%20for%20Pension%20and%20Other%20Post%20Retirement%20Benefits_Shanney%20Saborsky.pdf

http://www.bpa.gov/power/pl/review/backgrounder_additional_post-retirement_contributions.pdf

http://www.vermonttreasurer.gov/documents/retireTeacher/reports/teacherBenefitsAnalysis2004.pdf

http://www.postcom.org/public/gao/reports/FinancialIssues/AccountingPostretirementBenefits.pdf

http://www.buckconsultants.com/buckconsultants/Portals/0/Documents/PUBLICATIONS/Newsletters/NewsFlash/2006/news_09_29_06.pdf

http://www.kpmg.co.il/Events/Mind_the_GAAP/fn_di06-11.pdf

http://www.cranstonri.com/pdf/Cranston%202008%20F&P%20OPEB%20Report.pdf

http://www.wlu.ca/documents/20838/Recommendation_on_Post_Retirement_Benefits_Motion.pdf

http://www.mmb.state.mn.us/doc/ins/ret-reg-post-life.pdf

http://acquisition.jpl.nasa.gov/pdf/agp_archive/ReversionorAdjustmentofPlansforPostretirementBenefits4-99.pdf

https://secure1.rochester.edu/hr/benefits/retirement/post-retirement/5r_summary.pdf

http://www.kpmg.com/aci/docs/DI_06_11_PensionsED.pdf

http://www.frc.org.uk/images/uploaded/documents/100.pdf

http://www.opkansas.org/_Assets/agendas/faed/2005/10-19/INF-2.PDF

http://www.hr.ubc.ca/files/pdf/rsb/newsltr_memo/prb_newsltr_v2_iss1_0302.pdf

http://www.sibson.com/uploads/ed50c029d55902680fd9b8dff2813043.pdf

http://www.urs.org/general/pdf/brochures/post_retirement504.pdf

http://72.3.167.244/phpBB2/files/opeb_moody_s_corporate_research_120.pdf

http://www.oig.hhs.gov/oas/reports/region7/70600225.pdf

http://www.ci.newton.ma.us/comptrol/12_2005_updates/6302005%20OPEB%20VALUATION.pdf

http://www.ct.gov/trb/lib/trb/formsandpubs/PostRetEmp0809.pdf

http://www.soa.org/library/proceedings/record-of-the-society-of-actuaries/2000-09/2003/june/rsa03v29n225pd.pdf

HEAT TRANSFER AND FLOW MEASUREMENTS ON A ONE-SCALE GAS TURBINE CAN COMBUSTOR MODEL

2009-01-08T15:38:00.000-08:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Abraham, Santosh
Author's Email Address sabrah1@vt.edu
URN etd-09242008-151620
Title HEAT TRANSFER AND FLOW MEASUREMENTS ON A ONE-SCALE GAS TURBINE CAN COMBUSTOR MODEL
Degree Master of Science
Department Mechanical Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Srinath V. Ekkad Committee Chair
Danesh Tafti Committee Member
Uri Vandsburger Committee Member
Keywords

* Dry Low Emission (DLE) combustors
* Infrared Thermal Imaging
* Swirler
* Combustor liner cooing

Date of Defense 2008-08-29
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

(ABSTRACT)

Combustion designers have considered back-side impingement cooling as the solution for modern DLE combustors. The idea is to provide more cooling to the deserved local hot spots and reserve unnecessary coolant air from local cold spots. Therefore, if accurate heat load distribution on the liners can be obtained, then an intelligent cooling system can be designed to focus more on the localized hot spots. The goal of this study is to determine the heat transfer and pressure distribution inside a typical can-annular gas turbine combustor. This is one of the first efforts in the public domain to investigate the convective heat load to combustor liner due to swirling flow generated by swirler nozzles. An experimental combustor test model was designed and fitted with a swirler nozzle provided by Solar Turbines Inc. Heat transfer and pressure distribution measurements were carried out along the combustor wall to determine the thermo-fluid dynamic effects inside a combustor. The temperature and heat transfer profile along the length of the combustor liner were determined and a heat transfer peak region was established.

Constant-heat-flux boundary condition was established using two identical surface heaters, and the Infrared Thermal Imaging system was used to capture the real-time steady-state temperature distribution at the combustor liner wall. Analysis on the flow characteristics was also performed to compare the pressure distributions with the heat transfer results. The experiment was conducted at two different Reynolds numbers (Re 50,000 and Re 80,000), to investigate the effect of Reynolds Number on the heat transfer peak locations and pressure distributions. The results reveal that the heat transfer peak regions at both the Reynolds numbers occur at approximately the same location. The results from this study on a broader scale will help in understanding and predicting swirling flow effects on the local convective heat load to the combustor liner, thereby enabling the combustion engineer to design more effective cooling systems to improve combustor durability and performance.

free literature

Large Eddy Simulation of Flow and Heat Transfer in a Staggered 45° Ribbed Duct and a Rotating 90° Ribbed Duct

2009-01-07T23:02:00.000-08:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Abdel-Wahab, Samer
Author's Email Address sabdelwa@vt.edu
URN etd-12032003-110323
Title Large Eddy Simulation of Flow and Heat Transfer in a Staggered 45° Ribbed Duct and a Rotating 90° Ribbed Duct
Degree Master of Science
Department Mechanical Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Danesh K. Tafti Committee Chair
Brian Vick Committee Member
Karen A. Thole Committee Member
Keywords

* Internal Cooling
* Heat Transfer
* Large Eddy Simulation
* CFD
* Gas Turbine

Date of Defense 2003-11-24
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

For the past several years there has been great effort in the analysis of internal duct cooling. The steady increase in power output and thermal efficiency requirements for gas turbine engines has called for significant advancement in turbine blade internal duct cooling technology. Numerical analysis of turbulent duct flow has been largely limited to Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations. This is because of the low computational requirements of such calculations relative to Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). However, the tides have started to turn in favor of LES, partly because of the exponential increase in computer hardware performance in recent years.

Three conference papers make up the contents of this thesis. LES is performed for fully developed flow and heat transfer in a staggered 45° ribbed duct in the first paper. The rib pitch-to-height ratio P | e is 10 and a rib height to hydraulic diameter ratio e | Dh is 0.1. The Reynolds number based on the bulk flow rate and hydraulic diameter is 47,300. The overall heat transfer enhancement obtained was a factor of 2.3, which matched experimental data within 2%. The surfaces of highest heat transfer enhancement were the ribbed walls and the outer wall.

Results from LES of an orthogonally rotating 90° ribbed duct are presented in the second paper for rotation numbers: Ro = 0.18, 0.35 and 0.67. The Reynolds number is 20,000. The P | e and e | Dh were the same as in the first paper. Turbulence and heat transfer are augmented on the trailing surface and reduced at the leading surface. Secondary flows induced by Coriolis forces, increase heat transfer augmentation on the smooth walls. Finally, the third paper studies the same flow conditions of the second paper and goes further by including effects of centrifugal buoyancy forces using LES. Two buoyancy numbers are studied: Bo = 0.12 and 0.29. Centrifugal buoyancy does not have a large effect on leading side augmentation ratios for all rotation numbers, but increases heat transfer significantly on the trailing side.

In all papers, mean flow and heat transfer results compare well with experimental data.

free literature

Kinematics, Dynamics and Control of Single-Axle, Two-Wheel Vehicles (Biplanar Bicycles)

2009-01-07T02:47:00.000-08:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Abbott, Michael Shawn
Author's Email Address mabbott@keytechinc.com
URN etd-04132000-14590026
Title Kinematics, Dynamics and Control of Single-Axle, Two-Wheel Vehicles (Biplanar Bicycles)
Degree Master of Science
Department Mechanical Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. Charles F. Reinholtz Committee Chair
Dr. D. J. Leo Committee Member
Dr. H. H. Robertshaw Committee Member
Keywords

* Vehicle
* Dynamics
* Control
* Two-Wheel

Date of Defense 2000-04-11
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

A two-wheeled, single-axle, differentially driven vehicle possesses many salient advantages when compared to traditional vehicle designs. In particular, high traction factor, zero turn radius, and inherent static and dynamic stability are characteristics of this configuration. Drive torque is provided via a swinging reaction mass hanging below the axle. While mechanically simple, the resulting nonlinear vehicle dynamics can be quite complex. Additional design challenges arise if non-pendulating platforms or hardware mounts are required. Ultimately, this vehicle class has great potential in autonomous robotic applications such as mine clearance, planetary exploration, and autonomous remote inspection. This thesis discusses the kinematic and dynamic analyses of this vehicle class and develops design tools including performance envelopes and control strategies. Further, it confronts the stable platform problem and provides one solution while suggesting alternative design concepts for other applications.

free literature

Open Loop Compliance Model of a 6 DOF Revolute Manipulator to Improve Accuracy Under Load

2009-01-07T02:45:00.000-08:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Abbott, Mark William
URN etd-04252002-103719
Title Open Loop Compliance Model of a 6 DOF Revolute Manipulator to Improve Accuracy Under Load
Degree Master of Engineering
Department Mechanical Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Robert Sturges Committee Chair
Charles Reinholtz Committee Member
Donald Leo Committee Member
William Saunders Committee Member
Keywords

* Compliance
* Robot
* Composite

Date of Defense 2002-04-23
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

Robotic accuracy has long been limited by the compliance of the manipulator. Whether links under bending loads or backlash in gear trains and stretching of belts, the resulting compliance causes a loss of accuracy at the end-effector. Previous research has investigated accuracy of ideally stiff manipulators from many different points of view; however, an overall compliant modeling technique has not been formulated in the literature. This thesis presents a general technique to develop a compliant model for a general six-degree manipulator with the intent of reducing end-effector error for precision manufacturing.

Experimental and theoretical work was performed on an American Robot Merlin six-degree of freedom robot. The solution technique assumes each link of the manipulator is subject to stiffnesses in three directions, that is, in the direction of motion, laterally and torsionally. Each of the three stiffnesses is assumed constant, but unknown. Three experimental regimes were established, each covering a successively larger region of the workspace, and 243 data samples were taken within each regime. Samples were taken at twenty-seven data points under nine known loads for each of the first two regimes and at nine locations under twenty-seven loads in the third regime. An OPTOTRAK 3020 non-contact distance-measuring system was used to gather data from twelve sensors for each trial. The results were transformed into three displacements and three rotations of the end-effector. A regression algorithm solved for the unknown stiffnesses of the compliant model based on the measured experimental deflection.

Results show that for loads ranging between zero and 445 N, the deflection of the end-effector is predicted within fifteen percent of experimental results for most data points. Furthermore, a load set between zero and 111 N (the stated lift capacity of the

manipulator) predicts end point position with an error of less than one-half a millimeter for all tested points.

This research provides a technique to quantify the compliance of a general manipulator and develops a model capable of being implemented with open-loop position control with known compliance.

free literature

Analysis of Thermal Energy Collection from Precast Concrete Roof Assemblies

2009-01-07T02:44:00.000-08:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Abbott, Ashley Burnett
Author's Email Address asabbott@vt.edu
URN etd-08192004-113920
Title Analysis of Thermal Energy Collection from Precast Concrete Roof Assemblies
Degree Master of Science
Department Mechanical Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. Michael W. Ellis Committee Chair
Dr. Doug Nelson Committee Member
Dr. Yvan J Beliveau Committee Member
Keywords

* Solar Assisted Heat Pump
* Precast Concrete
* Solar Concrete Collector
* Solar Water Heating

Date of Defense 2004-07-16
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

The development of precast concrete housing systems provides an opportunity to easily and inexpensively incorporate solar energy collection by casting collector tubes into the roof structure. A design is presented for a precast solar water heating system used to aid in meeting the space and domestic water heating loads of a single family residence. A three-dimensional transient collector model is developed to characterize the precast solar collector�s performance throughout the day. The model describes the collector as a series of segments in the axial direction connected by a fluid flowing through an embedded tube. Each segment is represented by a two-dimensional solid model with top boundary conditions determined using a traditional flat plate solar collector model for convection and radiation from the collector cover plate.

The precast collector is coupled to a series solar assisted heat pump system and used to meet the heating needs of the residence. The performance of the proposed system is compared to the performance of a typical air to air heat pump. The combined collector and heat pump model is solved using Matlab in conjunction with the finite element solver, Femlab.

Using the system model, various non-dimensional design and operating parameters were analyzed to determine a set of near optimal design and operating values. The annual performance of the near optimal system was evaluated to determine the energy and cost savings for applications in Atlanta, GA and Chicago, IL. In addition, a life cycle cost study of the system was completed to determine the economic feasibility of the proposed system. The results of the annual study show that capturing solar energy using the precast collector and applying the energy through a solar assisted heat pump can reduce the electricity required for heating by more than 50% in regions with long heating seasons. The life cycle cost analysis shows that the energy savings justifies the increase in initial cost in locations with long heating seasons but that the system is not economically attractive in locations with shorter heating seasons.

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request for book

2009-01-07T02:22:00.000-08:00

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INVESTIGATION OF BOND STRENGTH AND WATERTIGHTNESS OF ASPHALT CONCRETE WEARING SURFACES FOR TIMBER BRIDGE DECKS

2008-10-24T20:45:00.002-07:00

ype of Document Master's Thesis
Author Haramis, John Emmanuel II
Author's Email Address jharamis@vt.edu
URN etd-7597-22949
Title INVESTIGATION OF BOND STRENGTH AND WATERTIGHTNESS OF ASPHALT CONCRETE WEARING SURFACES FOR TIMBER BRIDGE DECKS
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. Richard E. Weyers Committee Chair
J. Daniel Dolan none
Joseph R. Loferski none
Keywords

* timber bridge decks
* asphalt overlays
* waterproof membranes
* watertightness
* bond strength
* glulam

Date of Defense 1997-04-21
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

Two different asphalt concrete systems were examined in this research study. The existing system, consistent with current timber bridge construction practice, uses a preformed waterproofing membrane placed on a preservative treated wood deck overlaid with a bituminous concrete wearing surface. The second system consists of a treated wood deck overlaid with a base course of bituminous concrete, a waterproofing membrane, and a bituminous concrete wearing surface.

The testing regime used in this research to evaluate watertightness and bond performance incorporated three parameters: three waterproofing membranes, two wood preservative treatments, and two environmental degradation conditions induced by temperature cycling in a moisture saturated condition. Control groups were evaluated for each study parameter and duplicate specimens were prepared and tested for each of the study parameters. A total of 160 specimens were constructed and tested.

Watertightness of each system was determined by measuring the electrical impedance across a test specimen perpendicular to the direction of bond orientation in the pavement. The bond strength between each material of the paving systems was assessed using a shear test apparatus designed and built for this study.

In addition to the laboratory constructed specimens, three drilled cores were taken from a bridge located on Creekside Drive in East Pennsboro Township, Pennsylvania. The deck was constructed using the new design proposed in this research and each core was tested for watertightness and bond strength.

Results of watertightness testing indicated that low temperature environments appear to be most detrimental to system integrity in both the existing and proposed paving system configurations examined in this research. In general, each membrane appeared to perform equally well in the proposed paving system configuration as well as with all of the wood preservative treatments used in the existing pavement system.

Bond strength between asphalt and wood with no membrane was observed to be nonexistent whether or not any preservative treatment was present. The placement of a membrane between these two layers did, however, result in a significant increase in bond strength because each membrane tested was able to adhere to the wood base better than the asphalt overlay. This gain is strength was significantly offset when petroleum solvent based preservative treatments were present in the wood substrate. Protectowrap M400 membrane performed slightly better than the other membranes when used with untreated wood, but all of the membranes performed equally when preservative treatments were present. The highest interlayer bond strengths (asphalt/asphalt or asphalt/wood) observed in this research occurred when asphalt concrete surface material was placed directly on top of asphalt concrete base material, however the addition of a membrane between the asphalt lifts consistently reduced this strength. The results of bond testing indicate that the proposed system will perform better in terms of shoving in the pavement overlay. Based on bond test results of cores taken from the Creekside Drive bridge, it appears that a shear strength greater than 25 psi after 200 low temperature exposure cycles will provide acceptable paving system performance in a low temperature (0-40�F) environment.

free literature

Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Simulation of Fecal Coliforms in the Lower Appomattox River, Virginia

2008-10-24T20:45:00.001-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Hammond, Andrew Jesse
URN etd-09222004-190559
Title Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Simulation of Fecal Coliforms in the Lower Appomattox River, Virginia
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. David F. Kibler Committee Chair
Dr. Daniel Gallagher Committee Member
Dr. G. V. Loganathan Committee Member
Keywords

* water quality modeling
* tidal estuary
* hydrodynamic modeling

Date of Defense 2004-09-09
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

The Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (VADEQ) under the direction of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has listed the lower Appomattox River as impaired because it violates current water quality standards for fecal coliforms. To advance the analytical process by which various scenarios for improving water quality within the estuary are examined, an array of computer-based hydrodynamic and water quality models were investigated. The Dynamic Estuary Model (DYNHYD5), developed by USEPA, was used to simulate hydrodynamics within the lower Appomattox River. The Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP6.1), also developed by USEPA, was employed to perform water quality simulations of fecal coliforms. Also, a detailed literature review examined DYNHYD5 and WASP6.1 model theory, computer-based model solution techniques, and background hydrodynamic theory.

DYNHYD5 sensitivity analysis showed that the model was most responsive to tidal heights (seaward boundary conditions) both upstream and downstream within the model network. Specific model parameters were varied during calibration until modeled water surface elevations converged on observed water surface elevations. A goodness-of-fit value of 0.749 was determined with linear regression analysis for model calibration. DYNHYD5 input parameter validation was performed with additional observations and a goodness-of-fit value of 0.829 was calculated.

Through sensitivity analysis, WASP6.1 proved to be most responsive to coliform loading rates in the downstream direction and boundary concentrations in the upstream direction. With these results, WASP6.1 input parameters were calibrated against observed fecal coliform concentrations. A goodness-of-fit value of 0.573 was determined with linear regression analysis for model calibration. WASP6.1 input parameter validation was performed with additional observations and a goodness-of-fit value of 0.0002 was calculated.

Model results suggest that hydrodynamic model calibration and validation can be improved with additional tidal height observations at the downstream seaward boundary. Similarly, water quality model calibration and validation can possibly be improved with the aid of detailed, time-variable coliform concentrations at the downstream seaward boundary. Therefore, it is recommended that a water quality sampling station and tidal stage recorder be installed at the confluence of the Appomattox and James Rivers to

provide for further testing of estuary hydrodynamic and water quality models.

free literature

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Geogrid Reinforcement used in a Pile-Supported Embankment

2008-10-24T20:44:00.001-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Halvordson, Kyle Arthur
URN etd-12142007-105941
Title Three-Dimensional Analysis of Geogrid Reinforcement used in a Pile-Supported Embankment
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Raymond H. Plaut Committee Chair
Elisa D. Sotelino Committee Member
George M. Filz Committee Member
Keywords

* Cable Net
* Geosynthetic Reinforcement
* Geogrid
* Minimization of Energy

Date of Defense 2007-12-03
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

Pile-supported geogrid-reinforced embankments are an exciting new foundation system that is utilized when sites are limited by a soft soil or clay. In this system, an embankment is supported by a bridging layer, consisting of granular fill and one or multiple layers of geogrid reinforcement. The bridging layer transfers the load to piles that have been driven into the soft soil or clay. The load from the embankment induces large deformations in the geogrid reinforcement, causing tensile forces in the ribs of the geogrid. Many of the current methods used to design geogrid reinforcement for this system simplify the approach by assuming that the reinforcement has a parabolic deformed shape. The purpose of this thesis is to thoroughly examine the behavior of the geogrid in a pile-supported embankment system, in an effort to determine the accuracy of the parabolic deformed shape, and identify the most important parameters that affect reinforcement design.

The geogrid was analyzed using a three-dimensional model that included a cable net to represent the geogrid and linear springs to represent the soil underneath the geogrid. A larger pressure was applied to the geogrid regions that are directly above the pile caps so that arching effects could be considered, and the stiffness of the springs on top of the pile were stiffer to account for the thin layer of soil between the geogrid and the pile cap. A Mathematica algorithm was used to solve this model using the minimization of energy method.

The results were compared to another model of this system that used a membrane to represent the geosynthetic reinforcement. Additionally, the maximum strain was compared to the strain obtained from a geosynthetic reinforcement design formula. A parametric study was performed using the Mathematica algorithm by varying the pile width, embankment pressure applied to the soil, embankment pressure applied to the pile, stiffness of the soil, stiffness of the soil on top of the pile, stiffness of the geogrid, geogrid orientation, rotational stiffness of the geogrid, and the layers of geogrid reinforcement.

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Strength and Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Composite Slabs

2008-10-24T20:43:00.000-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Guirola, Marcela Renee
URN etd-10192001-141348
Title Strength and Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Composite Slabs
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. Carin Roberts-Wollmann Committee Chair
Dr. W. Samuel Easterling Committee Co-Chair
Dr. Richard Weyers Committee Member
Keywords

* composite beams and joists
* composite slabs
* push-out tests
* fiber-reinforced concrete
* shear connectors

Date of Defense 2001-10-18
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

The purpose of this research is to evaluate and compare the influence of four types of secondary reinforcement on various component strengths related to composite slabs. These components include the composite slab strength under uniform load, the strength of two types of shear connectors used with composite beams and joists, composite slab strength due to a concentrated load, and the flexural toughness and first-crack strength of fiber-reinforced concrete using ASTM C1018 (1998) standard test. The performance of the specimens reinforced with fibers are compared with that of the specimens reinforced with welded-wire fabric (WWF), with the purpose of determining if fiber-reinforced concrete can be used as an alternative to WWF

free literature

Integrating a Regional Planning Model (TRANSIMS) With an Operational Model (CORSIM)

2008-10-24T20:40:00.000-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Gu, Yahong
URN etd-02202004-160557
Title Integrating a Regional Planning Model (TRANSIMS) With an Operational Model (CORSIM)
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Antoine G. Hobeika Committee Chair
Antonio A. Trani Committee Member
Sam C. Tignor Committee Member
Keywords

* Evacuation
* TRANSIMS
* CORSIM
* Sub area focusing
* Transportation planning
* Traffic operation

Date of Defense 2004-02-09
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

TRANSIMS is a disaggregate, behavioral, regional transportation planning package developed by Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) under funding from US DOT, EPA, and Department of Energy. It is an integrated system of travel forecasting models designed to give transportation planners accurate, complete information on traffic impacts, congestion, and pollution by simulating on a second-by-second basis the movements of every person and every vehicle through the transportation network of a large metropolitan area. This regional microsimulation approach provides a better assessment of the performance of a large network than the current link performance functions utilized in the current planning procedures. On the other hand, their microsimulation approach on a regional scale requires a lot of data that may not be readily available, and utilize a low fidelity microsimulation in order to make it operational. Some agencies may be interested in performing a more detailed investigation of traffic patterns within a sub area, such as the downtown area. The author implemented a subarea focusing methodology within TRANSIMS and also developed an interface that allows the investigator to use a high-fidelity, small-size network efficient traffic operational software package – CORSIM to perform sub area traffic operational analysis with demand and network extracted from applications of TRANSIMS. This methodology will allow TRANSIMS to take advantage of higher fidelity models for sub-network analysis and allow CORSIM to use planning inputs such as individual 24 hour travel activities and trip chains. An evacuation model is also built and applied to Virginia Tech main campus, Blacksburg, VA to evaluate this sub area focusing methodology.

free literature

new list book 10

2008-10-24T20:38:00.001-07:00

A First Course In Probability 7th Edition By Sheldon Ross
Advanced Engineering Mathematics 9th Edition By Erwin Kreyszig
An Introduction To Signals And Noise In Electrical Communication (4th
Edition)-A. Bruce Carlson, Paul B. Crilly, Janet Rutledge
Analytical Mechanics 7th Edition By Fowles
Applied Numerical Analysis 6th Edition By Curtis F. Gerald & Patrick
Applied Statistics And Probability For Engineers 3rd Edition By
Douglas C. Montgomery
Applied Strength Of Materials 4th Edition By Mott
Automatic Control Systems 8th Edition By Kuo & Golnaraghi
Calculus 5th Edition By James Stewart
Calculus Early Trancendentals 5th Edition by James Stewart
Classical Dynamics 5th Edition By Thornton
Communication Systems 4th Edition By Simon Haykin
Control Systems Engineering 4th Edition By Nise
Design And Analysis Of Experiments 6th Edition By Montgomery
Design Of Machinery 3rd Edition By Solution (Robert L. Norton)
Digital And Analog Communication Systems7th Edition, Leon W. Couch
Digital Communication 4th Edition By Proakis
Digital Communications: Fundamentals And Applications (2nd Edition)-
Bernard Sklar
Digital Image Processing by Proakis
Digital Image Processing 2nd Editon by Rafael C. Gonzalez
Digital Signal Processing 3rd Edition By Sanjit K.Mitra
Discrete Time Signals 2nd Edition By Alan V.Oppenheim
Dynamics 7th Edition By Beer
Electric Circuits 6th Edition By Nilsson
Electric Circuits 7th Edition By Nilsson
Electric Machinery Fundamentals (4th Edition)-Stephen J. Chapman
Engineering Circuit Analysis 6th Edition By Hayt, Kemmerly, Durbin
Engineering Electromagnetics 6th Edition By William H. Hayt Jr.
Engineering Fluid Mechanics 7th Edition By Crowe
Engineering Mechanics Dynamics 10th Edition By R.C.Hibbeler
Engineering Mechanics Dynamics 11th Edition By R.C.Hibbeler
Engineering Mechanics Statics 10th Edition By R.C.Hibbeler
Engineering Mechanics Statics 11th Edition By R.C.Hibbeler
Engineering Mechanics Statics 4th Edition By Bedford
Engineering Mechanics Dynamics (Bedford and Fowler)
Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics 5th Ed. By Meriam, Kraige
Fluid Mechanics 5th Edition by White
Fundamentals of Differential Equations (Nagle Saff Snider)
Fundamentals Of Electric Circuits 2nd By Charles Alexander
Fundamentals Of Engineering Thermodynamics By M. J. Moran & H. N.
Shapiro
Fundamentals Of Fluid Mechanics 5th Edition By Munson Wiley
Fundamentals Of Heat And Mass Transfer, 5th Edition By F. P.Incropera
Fundamentals Of Logic Design By Charles H. Roth Jr.
Fundamentals Of Machine Component Design 3rd Edition By Robert C.
Juvinall And Kurt
Fundamentals Of Physics 7th Edition By David Halliday And Robert
Fundamentals Of Thermal-Fluid Sciences Cengal
Fundamentals Of Thermodynamics 6th Edition By Richard Sonntag
Heat Transfer 2nd Edition By Cengel
Introduction To Electric Circuits 6 (Dorf, Svoboda)
Introduction To Electrodynamics 3rd Edition By Griffiths.
Introduction to Linear Algebra by Gilbert Strang 3rd
Linear Algebra 3th Edition By Otto Bretscher
Linear Algebra And Its Applications 3rd Edition By David C. Lay
Linear Systems And Signals 1st Edition By Lathi
Logic Computer Design Fundamental 2nd Edition By M.Moris,Kime,Charles
R.Mano
Materials Science And Engineering 6th Edition By William D.
Callister,Jr.
Mechanical Engineering Design 7th Edition By Shigley
Mechanics Of Materials 3rd Edition By Beer Johnston
Mechanics Of Materials 5th Edition By (Gere)
Mechanics Of Materials 6th Edition By R.C.Hibbeler
Mechanics Of Solids By C. T. F. Ross
Microelectronics Circuits 5/E (Adel S. Sedra, Kenneth C. Smith)
Miller&Freund's Probability And Statistics For Engineers By Richard
Arnold Johnson
Numerical Methods 3th Edition By Doug Faires, *** Burden
Partial Differential Equations with Fourier Series And Boundary Value
Problems 2nd Edition
Physics For Scientists And Engineers 3rd Edition By Douglas C.
Giancoli
Principles And Applications Of Electrical Engineering 4th Edition By
Rizzoni
Quantum Mechanics 2nd Edition By David Griffiths
RF Circuit Design: Theory and Applications (1st edition)
Semiconductor Physics And Devices 3rd Edition By Neaman
Serway And Jewett's Physics For Scientists And Engineers, 6th Edition
Volume 1 By Ralph
Signals and Systems (2nd Edition) Alan V. Oppenheim, Alan S. Willsky,
With
Solid State Electronics Devices 5th Edition By Ben G.Streetman &
Sanjay Banerjee
Statics 7th Edition By Beer
Structural Analysis 5th Edition By Hibbeler
System Dynamics 3rd Edition Katsuhiko Ogata
The Science & Engineering Of Materials 4th Edition By Donald R.
Askeland
Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 5th Edition By Cengel
Thomas Calculus 10th Edition Early Trancendentals By Thomas
University Physics 11e Young and Freedman
Wireless Communications: Principles And Practice (2nd Edition)-
Theodore S. Rappaport
Modern Control Engeneering by ogata
Discrete Time Signal Processing by alan v.oppen
Numerical Methods 3rd Edition by faires
Calculus Early Transcendentals 5e by James Stewart
Introduction to Thermal 5E : Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics,
and Heat Transferby Michael J. Moran,Howard N. Shapiro,Bruce R. Munson
and David P. DeWit
Serway Jewett Phys for Scientist and Eng 6Ed
Fluid Mechanics 4th ed - F. White
Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 5th Edition by cengel
Applied Statistics And Probability For Engineers by D. Montgomery &
Runger
Numerical Methods in Engineering with MATLAB (2005)
Numerical methods matlab by Won Young Yang, Wenwu Cao, Tae-Sang Chung
and John Morris

free literature

new list book 9

2008-10-24T20:22:00.001-07:00

Macmillan Encyclopedia of Energy , (JOHN ZUMERCHIK) , Copyright (c) 2001
Macmillian Reference USA, rapidshare
Major Process Equipment Maintenance and Repairs Vol 4 Second Edition ,
(Heinz P. Bloch and Fred K. Geitner) , Copyright (c) 1985, 1997 by Gulf
Pub rapidshare
Manning.Publications.POJOs.in.Action.Dec.2005.pdf 5 062 KB
MANUAL GAS NATURAL.pdf 24 033 KB
Maple - Finite Element Modeling rapidshare
MARIJUANA CHEMISTRY , (by Michael Starks) , Copyright (c)1990 5 574
KB
Mass and Heat Transfer Solution Manual rapidshare
Mass Spectrometry , (JAMES A. MCCLOSKEY) 15 381 KB
Mass Transfer_From Fundamentals to Modern Industrial Applications ,
(Koichi Asano) , Copyright (c)2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KG 2
334
KB
Mastering MATHEMATICA - Programming methods and applications , (GRAY,
J. W.) , Copyright (c) 1994 rapidshare
Material Research at MIT , Copyright (c) 1998 rapidshare
Material Research at MIT , Copyright (c) 1999 rapidshare
Material Research at MIT , Copyright (c) 2002 rapidshare
Materials for engineering Third edition , (J. W. Martin) ,
Copyright (c) Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2006 rapidshare
Materials Science and Engineering Handbook , (ShackelfordA) ,(c)
Copyright 2001 rapidshare
Materials Science of Membranes for Gas and Vapor Separation , (Y.
Yampolskii, I. Pinnau and B. D. Freeman) , Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley
& Sons 17 619 KB
Math Calculus , (Bible).pdf 1 465 KB
MATHEMATICA By Example (rev. ed.) , ABELL, M. L. , (c)1993 rapidshare
Mathematical Background Foundations of Innitesimal Calculus second
edition , (by K. D. Stroyan) , Copyright (c) 1997.pdf 1 428 KB
Mathematical introduction to fluid mechanics ,Chorin , Copyright (c)
1992 by Springer-Verlag Publishing Company, Inc..pdf 1 422 KB
Mathematics - An Introduction to Neural Networks , (Eighth edition,Ben
Krose Patrick van der Smagt) , Copyright (c) 1996.pdf 1 469 KB
Mathematics, Basic Math and Algebra NAVEDTRA , Copyright(c) 1989
Edition.pdf 14 425 KB
MATHEMATICS, TRIGONOMETRY,NAVEDTRA , Copyright(c) 1989 Edition.pdf
8 714
KB
MATLAB(R) Primer Seventh Edition , (Timothy A. Davis - Kermit Sigmon) ,
(c) 2005 by Chapman.pdf 1 885 KB
Matrix Analysis and Applied Linear Algebra , (Carl D. Meyer) ,
Copyright (c) 2000 rapidshare
Mechanical Engineer's Handbook , (Dan B. Marghitu) , Copyright (c) 2001
by ACADEMIC PRESS rapidshare
Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook - , (Sclater & Chironis)
- Ebook1 rapidshare
Membrane Filtration Handbook Second Edition , (by Jorgen Wagner ) , (c)
2000, 2001 Printed by Osmonics, Inc rapidshare
Membrane Science and Technology Series , (H.P. HSIEH) , Copyright (c)
1996 Elsevier Science B.V 27 042 KB
MEMBRANE SEPARATION SYSTEMS , (R.W. Baker, E.L. Cussler, W.
Eykamp,W.J. Koros, R.L. Riley, H. Strathmann) , Copyright @ 1991.pdf
21 395 KB
Membrane Technology and Applications Second Edition , (Richard W.
Baker) , Copyright (c) 2004 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, rapidshare
Membrane Technology in the Chemical Industry. , (y S.P.Nunes-K.-V.
Peinemann) , Copyright (c) 2001 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH rapidshare
Membrane Separation Systems , (R.W. Baker, - W.J. Koros ) ,
Copyright (c) 1991 by Noyes Data Corporation rapidshare
Membranes for Industrial Wastewater Recovery and Re-use , (Simon Judd
and Bruce Jefferson) , Copyright (c) 2003 Elsevier Ltd..pdf 8 623
KB
Metal-Catalysed Reactions of Hydrocarbons , (Geoffrey C. Bond) ,
Copyright (c) 2005 Springer Science 21 834 KB
Methane and Its Derivatives , (Sunggyu Lee) , Copyright (c) 1997 by
MARCEL DEKKER, INC 41 522 KB
METHODS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL TRACE ANALYSIS , (John R. Dean) , Copyright
(c) 2003 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The 1 756 KB
METHODS FOR MONITORING AND DIAGNOSING THE EFFICIENCY OF CATALYTIC
CONVERTERS , (Marios Sideris) , Copyright (c) 1998 Elsevier Science
9
686 KB
MICROGRAVITY RESEARCH IN SUPPORT OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE HUMAN
EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE AND PLANETARY BODIES , () ,
Copyright (c) 2003 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
3
762 KB
Microwave and Phase Transfer Catalysis ( One Chapter ) , (A Loupy - A
Petit) rapidshare
Mikryukov V.E. Kurs termodinamiki (3e izd., Uchpedgiz, 1960)(ru)(T)(K)
(600dpi)(236s)_PT_.djvu 3 801 352
Military Handbook For Paints And Protective Coatings For
Facilities , () , Copyright (c) JANUARY 1995 rapidshare
Mineral physics and crystallography a handbook of physical
constants , T J. Ahrens,Copyright (c) 1995 by the American Geophysical
Union rapidshare
Mixed Plastics Recycling Technology , (Bruce A. Hegberg - Gary R.
Brenniman - William H. Hallenbeck) , Copyright (c) 1992 by Noyes Data
Corporation rapidshare
Modeling in Transport Phenomena , (ISMAIL TOSUN) , Copyright (c) 2002
Elsevier Science B.V rapidshare
Modeling of Chemical Kinetics and Reactor Design , (A. Kayode Coker) ,
Copyright (c) 2001 by Gulf Publishing Company rapidshare
Modelling Chaotic Systems with Neural Networks Application to Seismic
Event Predicting in Gold Mines , (Jacobus van Zyl) , 2001 3 857
KB
Modern Analytic Chemistry , (David Harvey) , Copyright (c) 2000 by The
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 10 987 KB
Modern Derivatization Methods for Separation Sciences , (Toshimasa
Toyo'oka ) , Copyright (c) 1999 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 6 983 KB
Modern inorganic chemistry , (C. CHAMBERS - A. K. HOLLIDAY) ,
Copyright (c) 1975 Butterworth & Co (Publishers 19 875 KB
Modern Numerical Methods For Fluid Flow , (Phillip Colella-Elbridge
Gerry Puckett) , Copyright (c) 1994 rapidshare
Modern Organocopper Chemistry , (Prof. Dr. N. Krause) , Copyright (c)
2002 WILEY-VCH GmbH, Weinheim rapidshare
Modern Organonickel Chemistry , (Y. Tamaru) , Copyright (c) 2005 WILEY-
VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim rapidshare
Modern Rh-Catalyzed Organic Reactions , (Prof. P. Andrew Evans) ,
Copyright (c) 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA,Weinheim rapidshare
Molecular Computing , (by Tanya Sienko, Andrew Adamatzky) , Copyright
(c) 2003 rapidshare
Molecular devices and machines - a journey into the nanoworld , (V.
Balzani, A. Credi, M. Venturi ) , Copyright (c) 2003 WILEY-VCH Verlag
GmbH & Co rapidshare
Molecular Theory of Solvation , (by Fumio Hirata) , Copyright (c)2004
Springer Science + Business Media, Inc..pdf 13 872 KB
Molecular Thermodynamics phase equilibria Mixtures rapidshare
Monte Carlo Simulation and Numerical Integration , Copyright (c)
1995.pdf 902 KB
Multicomponent Mass Transfer , (Taylor_R- Krishna_R.) , Copyright (c)
1993 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim rapidshare
Multilayer Thin Films Sequential Assembly of Nanocomposite Materials,
(Gero Decher and Joseph B. Schlenoff) , Copyright (c)2003 WILEY-VCH
Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA 30 222 KB
Multiproduct Plants (by Joachim Rauch) , Copyright (c) 2003 WILEY-VCH
Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.pdf 3 520 KB
Multivariable Control Systems an Engineering Aproach , (P.Albertos - A
sala) , Copyright (c) 2004 Springer rapidshare
Name Reactions A Collection of Detailed Reaction Mechanisms Third
Expanded Edition , (Jie Jack Li) , Copyright (c) Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg 2003, 2006 6 175 KB
Named Organic Reactions ( by Thomas Laue) , Copyright (c) 2005 John
Wiley & Sons Ltd , ISBN 0470010401 rapidshare
Nano- and microelectromechanical systems fundamentals of nano- and
microengineering , (Sergey Edward Lyshevski.) , Copyright (c) 2001 by
CRC P 8 511 KB
Nano Engineering in Science and Technology , (Michael Rieth) ,
Copyright (c) 2003 by World Scientific Publishing Co 8 856 KB
Nanocomposite Scince and Technology , (P. M. Ajayan, L. S. Schadler,
P. V. Braun) , Copyright (c) 2003 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA,
Weinheim rapidshare
Nanoparticles , (Ciinter Schrnid) , Copyright (c) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag
GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim rapidshare
Nanoparticles From Theory to Application , (Edited by Gu¨nter
Schmid) , Copyright (c) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
rapidshare
Nanoscale Phase Separation and Colossal Magnetoresistance , (Elbio
Dagotto) , Copyright (c) 2002 Springer-Verlag.djvu 6 994 KB
Nanotechnology , (Michael Kohler-Wolkang Fritzsche) , (c) 2004 Wiley-VCH
Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA,Weinheim.pdf 18 994 KB
Natural Gas Engineering Handbook , (Boyun Guo - AIi Ghalambor) ,
Copyright (c) 2005 by Gulf Publishing Company rapidshare
NATURAL OPERATIONS IN DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY , (Ivan Kolar Peter W.
Michor Jan Slovak).pdf 3 081 KB
Neural and Fuzzy Logic Control of Drives and Power Systems , (M.N.
Cirstea, A. Dinu, J.G. Khor-M. McCormick) , Copyright (c) 2002.pdf
2 708
KB
Neural Network Modeling , (by P. S. Neelakanta; Dolores DeGroff) ,
Copyright (c) 2004 rapidshare
New ingredients in food processing Biochemistry and agriculture , (Guy
Linden + Denis Lorient) , Copyright (c) 1999,Woodhead Publishing Ltd
rapidshare
New Text Document ADVANCED GAS TURBINE CYCLES , J. H. Horlock-
F.R.Eng.,(c) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd..pdf 5 159 KB
New Text Document Advanced Organic Chemistry 4th Edition - ParT B
reaction And Syntheses , (Francis A.Carey) , Copyright (c)2001.djvu
8
568 KB
New Text Document Asymmetric Catalytic in Organic Synthesis rapidshare
New Trends and Developments in Biochemical Engineering , Volume
86 , (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004 4 659 KB
New Trends in Enzyme Catalysis and Biomimetic Chemical Reactions ,
(GERTZ I. LIKHTENSHTEIN) , (c)2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers.pdf
4 739
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NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems 1999,
() , Copyright (c) 1999 8 272 KB
NGPSA - Gas Processors Suppliers Association - Technical Activities
of the GPA and the GPSA; List of technical societies 85 494 KB
NMR Spectroscopy - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 5pectroscopy, (Joseph
B. Lambert - Eugene P. Mazzola) , Copyright (c) 19 041 KB
Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations for Scientists and
Engineers , (Birkhauser) , (c) 1997 Birkhauser Boston rapidshare
Non-Newtonian Flow in the Process Industries Fundamentals and
Engineering Applications , (CHHABRA, R. P.) , Copyright (c) 1999..pdf
3
175 KB
Nonsteady operation of trickle-bed reactors , (A.A.H. Drinkenburg -
G. Wild) , Copyright (c) 2001. 2 276 KB
Nuclear Energy - An Introduction to the Concepts, Systems, etc. (5th
ed.) , (MURRAY, R. L.) , Copyright (c) 2000.pdf 9 330 750
Nucleation Theory and Applications , (Edited by Schmelzer) , Copyright
(c) 2005 Wiley , ISBN 3527404694 rapidshare
Numerical Analysis Using MATLAB and Spreadsheets (2nd ed.) , (KARRIS,
S. T. ) ,Copyright (c) 2004 Orchard Publications..pdf 9 800 KB
NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS USING
MATHEMATICA , (DANIEL DUBIN) , Copyright (c) 2003 by John Wiley & Sons,
Inc rapidshare
NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS USING
MATHEMATICA , (DANIEL DUBIN) , Copyright (c) 2003 by John Wiley & Sons,
Inc..pdf 6 412 KB
Numerical Computation of Multiphase Flows in Porous Media , (Peter
Bastian) , Copyright (c) 1999.pdf 9 724 KB
Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow , (Patankar) , Copyright (c) 1980
rapidshare
Numerical heat transfer and fluid flow , (Patankar) , Copyright (c)
1980.pdf 13 197 KB
Numerical methods and data analysis(283s) , Collins G.W. , (c)II
2003.pdf 2 612 KB
Numerical Methods Applied to Chemical Engineering , (Prof. Kenneth
Beers) , Copyright (c) 2001 5 797 KB
Numerical Methods for Elliptic and Parabolic Partial Differential
Equations , (Peter Knabner Lutz Angermann) , (c) 2003 Springer-Verlag
New York, Inc..p 8 380 KB
Numerical Methods in Fluid Dynamics , (Yanenko) rapidshare
Numerical Methods using MATLAB, 3rd Edition , Prentice Hall.pdf 19 542
KB
Numerical Optimization , (by Nocedal J., Wright S.J) , (c) 1999
Springer-
Verlag New York, Inc rapidshare
Numerical Optimiztion Theoritical and Practical Aspects , (J. Frederic
Bonnans J. Charles Gilbert ) , (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
2003 rapidshare
Numerical Reciepes ,Copyright (c) 1988-1992 by Cambridge University
Press rapidshare
Numerical Recipes in C Second Edition , (W H. Press-S A.Teukolsky-W T.
Vetterling-B P. Flannery) , Copyright (c) 1986-1992 by Cambridge
University.pd 7 198 KB
Numerical Recipes in C Second Edition , (William H. Press) , Copyright
(c) 1988-1992 by Cambridge University Press rapidshare
Numerical Recipes in Fortran 77 Second Edition , (W H. Press-S
A.Teukolsky-W T. Vetterling-B P. Flannery) , Copyright (c) 1986-1992 by
Cambridge Unive 9 464 KB
Occult Chemistry , (C.W Leadbeater) rapidshare
Oil Field Chemicals , (Johannes Karl Fink) , Copyright (c) 2003,
Elsevier Science (USA) rapidshare
Oil Field Familiarization Training Guide , () , Copyright (c) 1994
Baker Hughes INTEQ 8 492 KB
Oil Refineries in the 21st Century , (Ozren Ocic) , Copyright (c) 2005
WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co 2 309 KB
Online Storage Systems And Transportation Problem,Volume 91 Series
Editors Panos M. Pardalos. Donald W. Hearn,(c)2005 Springer Science.pdf
10 922 KB
OPERACIONES DE TRANSFERENCIA DE MASA SEGUNDA EDICION , (Robert E.
Treybal).pdf 17 995 KB
Operating Systems Design and Implementation , Prentice Hall.pdf 40 185
KB
Optimization Algorithms in Physics , (Alexander K. Hartmann, Heiko
Rieger ) , (c) 2002 Wiley-VCH Verlag Berlin GmbH, Berlin rapidshare
Optimization of Chemical Processes - 2nd Ed , (Edgar Himmelblau and
Lasdon) , Copyright (c) 2001, 1988 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc..
17 666 KB
Ordered Porous Nanostructures and Applications , (Ralf B.
Wehrspohn) , Copyright (c) 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.
12 223 KB
Ordered Porous Nanostructures and Applications , (Ralf B.
Wehrspohn) , Copyright (c) 2005 Springer Science+Business 12 933
KB
Ordinary and Partial Differential Equation Routines in C, C++,
Fortran, Java, Maple, and MATLAB , (H.J. Lee and W.E. Schiesser) ,
Copyright (c) 2002 2 298 KB
OReilly.Programming.Embedded.Systems.With.C.and.Gnu.Development.Tools.
2nd.Edition.Oct.2006.chm 553 KB
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Organic - Organic Chemistry 5th Edition , (McMurry, John) ,
Copyright (c) 2000 83 171 KB
Organic and Inorganic Nanostructures , (Alexei Nabok) , (c) 2005 ARTECH
HOUSE, INC rapidshare
Organic and Inorganic Nanostructures , (Alexei Nabok) , Copyright
(c)2005 ARTECH HOUSE, INC. 6 203 KB

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new list book 9

2008-10-24T20:22:00.000-07:00

new list book 8

2008-10-24T20:20:00.000-07:00

Handbook of polymer testing physical methods , (Roger Brown. ) ,
Copyright (c) 1999 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All 10 992 KB
Handbook of powder science and technology. 2nd edition , (Muhammad E.
Fayed-Lambert Otten) , Copyright (c) 1997 by Chapman & Hall, New York,
NY rapidshare
HANDBOOK OF SEPARATION PROCESS TECHNOLOGY , (RONALD VV. ROUSSEAU) ,
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Handbook of Separation Process Technology , (Ronald W. Rousseau) ,
Copyright (c) 1987 32 274 KB
Handbook of Solvents , (George Wypych) , (c) Chem Tec Publishing, 2001
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Handbook of Thermodynamic Diagrams Volume 1 Organic Compounds C1 to
C4 , (Carl L. Yaws) ,Copyright (c) 1996 by Gulf Publishing Company,
Houston,.p 22 709 KB
Handbook of Thermodynamic Diagrams Volume 2 Organic Compounds C5 to
C7 , (Carl L. Yaws) ,Copyright (c) 1996 by Gulf Publishing Company,
Houston,.p 25 638 KB
Handbook of Thermodynamic Diagrams Volume 3 Organic Compounds C8 to
C28 , (Carl L. Yaws) ,Copyright (c) 1996 by Gulf Publishing Company,
Houston,. 26 881 KB
Handbook of Thermodynamic Diagrams Volume 4 Inorganic Compounds ,
(Carl L. Yaws) ,Copyright (c) 1996 by Gulf Publishing Company,
Houston,.pdf 16 528 KB
HANDBOOK OF WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES , ( Nicholas
P. Cheremisinoff ), Copyright(c) 2002 by Butterworth-Heinemann.pdf
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Handbook of Water Treatment , (Takahide Santo) , Copyright (c) 1999
114 473 KB
HANDBOOK OF WOOD CHEMISTRY AND WOOD COMPOSITES , (Roger M. Rowell) ,
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Handbook of X-Ray Spectrometry Second Edition , (Rene E. Van Grieken -
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Handbook of ZEOLITE Science And Technology , (SCOTT M . AUERBACH -
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Handbook THERMODYNAMICS, HEAT TRANSFER, AND FLUID FLOW Module 1
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Hansen Solubility Parameters - A User's Handbook , (Hansen, Charles
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Hazardous Chemicals Handbook ,Second edition ,Phillip Carson-Clive
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Hazardous Waste Compliance, CLIFFORD M. FLORCZAK-JAMES E. ROUGHTON ,
Copyright (c) 2001 by Butterworth-Heinemann.pdf 2 249 KB
Hazardous Waste Handbook for Health and Safety Third Edition ,
(William F. Martin- Lippitt- Webb) , Copyright (c) 2000 by
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HBretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards (6th ed.) (2
vols.) , URBEN, P. G. (1999).-Volume 2 , (c) Butterworth-Heinemann
1999.pdf 1 538 KB
Health, Safety, and Accident Management in the Chemical , (finn
Marie Flynn Louis Theodore) , Copyright (c) 2002 by Marcel
Dekker,.djvu 6 397 KB
Heat and Mass Transfer in Boundary Laye , (Patankar,Spalding.) ,
(c)1971.djvu 1 845 KB
Heat And Mass Transfer Mechanical Engineering Handbook , (c)1999 by CRC
Press LLC.pdf 6 131 KB
Heat and Mass Transfer Second, revised Edition With 327 Figures ,
( Hans Dieter Baehr • Karl Stephan) , (c)1998, 2006 Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heide 12 356 KB
Heat Exchanger Design Handbook , (T. KUPPAN) , Copyright (c) 2000 by
Marcel Dekker, Inc 83 443 KB
Heat Transfer Calculations , ( Myer kuTz) , Copyright (c) 2004 The
McGraw-Hill Companies..pdf 21 221 KB
Heat Transfer Handbook , (Adrian Bejan-Allan D. Kraus) ,Copyright (c)
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HEAT TRANSFER IN INDUSTRIAL COMBUSTION , ( Charles E. Baukal) ,
Copyright (c) 2000 by CRC Press LLC 11 859 KB
Heat transfer in industrial combustion , (Charles E. Baukal, Jr.) , (c)
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HELTH SaFETY find ACCIDENT ManaGEMENT IN THE CHEMICaL PROCESS
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HETEROPHASE NETWORK POLYMERS SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND
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High Performance Thermoplastic Resins and Their Composites ,
( Sylvie Beland) , Copyright (c) 1990 National Research Council of
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High temperature Solid oxide Fuel Cells , (Subhash C Singhal and
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History of Chemical Engineering , Copyright (c) 2000, Wayne Pafko.pdf
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HISTORY OF CHEMISTRY , (SIR EDWARD THORPE,) , Copyright (c) 1909
8 429
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Home Distillation Handbook , (By Ola Norrman) , 1 659 KB
Host- Guest - Systems Based on Nanoporous Crystals , ( Dr. Franco
Laeri - Dr. Ferdi Schuth - Ulrich Simon) , Copyright (c) 2003 WILEY-VCH
Verlag GmbH 23 861 KB
HOW TO FIND CHEMICAL INFORMATION 3th ed , (Robert E . Maizell) ,
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HPLC A Practical User's Guide SECOND EDITION , (Marvin C. McMaster) ,
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Hydrocarbon Phase Behavior, (Tarek Ahmad) , Copyright (c) 1989.pdf
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Improving Machinery Reliability VOL 1 3th edition , (Heinz P.
Bloch) , Copyright(c) 1982, 1988, 1998 by Elsevier Science (USA)..pdf
19 661 KB
Industrial Boilers and Heat Recovery Steam Generators , (V.
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Industrial Catalysis , (Jens Hagen ) , Copyright (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH
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Industrial Crystallization, Process Simulation and Design , (Narayan
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Industrial Inorganic Pigments , (G. Buxbaum and G. Pfaff) , Copyright
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Industrial Machinery Repair Best Maintenance Practices Pocket Guide ,
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Industrial Minerals and Their Uses - A Handbook and Formulary, () ,
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INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS Second Edition , (HAROLD A. WITTCOFF -
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Industrial Solvents Handbook (5th Edition) , (Ernest W. Flick) ,
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INDUSTRIAL VENTILATION DESIGN GUIDEBOOK , (Howard Goodfellow - Esko
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Inorganic Chemistry Third Edition , (GARY L. MIESSLER - DONALD A.
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Inorganic Preparations ,( Walton) rapidshare
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inorganic - Modern inorganic chemistry , (C. CHAMBERS - A. K.
HOLLIDAY) , Copyright (c) First published 1975 19 828 KB
Instrumentation Reference Book (3rd ed.) , ( BOYES, W. ) , Copyright (c)
2002.pdf 37 133 KB
Instrumentation Reference Book Third Edition, (Walt Boyes) ,
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Interfacial effets and novel properties of nanomaterials(Symposium
C) , (Witold t o j kowski - John R. Blizzard) , Copyright (c) 2003
Scitec Publications Ltd, Switzerland 21 714 KB
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Introduction fo Fluid Mechanics (Nakayama - ) , Copyright (c) 1999
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Introduction to Fluid Mechanics - Fox5th.pdf 45 179 KB
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Introduction To Microelectromechanical System (Mems) Engineering
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6 554 KB
Introduction to Nanoscale Science and Technology , (Massimiliano Di
Ventra - Stephane Evoy - James R. Heflin) , Copyright (c) 2004
Springer Science 55 457 KB
Introduction to Nanotechnology ,(Charles P. Poole, Jr. Frank J.
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Investment Performance measurement , (BRUCE J. FEIBEL) , Copyright
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Investment Valuation , (Damodaran) , Copyright (c) 2003 Vocal Power
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Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction Volume 16 , (by Arup K.
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Ionic Liquids in Synthesis. , (by Peter Wasserscheid, Thomas Welton) ,
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ISO 9000 2000 An A-Z Guide , (David Hoyle) ,Copyright (c) 2003,.pdf
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John.Wiley.and.Sons.HSDPA.HSUPA.for.UMTS.Jun.2006.pdf 4 594 KB
Keynotes in Organic Chemistry , (Andrew F. Parsons) , Copyright (c) 2003
by Blackwell Science Ltd,.pdf 3 546 KB
Kinetic Processes , (Kenneth A. Jackson) , Copyright (c) 2004 WILEY-VCH
Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 4 582 KB
KINETICS OF MATERIALS , (Robert W. Balluffi - Samuel M. Allen -W.
Craig Carter) , Copyright (c) 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights
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Kinetics, Selectivity and Scale Up of the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis ,
(Gerard P. van der Laan) , Copyright (c) 1999.pdf 4 244 155
Know and Understand Centrifugal Pumps , (by Larry Bachus) , Copyright
(c) 2003 Bachus Company, Inc..pdf 8 038 KB
Korteweg-de Vries and Nonlinear SchrOdinger Equations , (Peter E.
Zhidkov) , Copyright (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001.djvu
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Laboratory Methods of Organic Chemistry , (gatterman) ,Copyright (c)
1937 rapidshare
LANGE'S HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY Fifteenth Edition , (John A.
Dean) ,Copyright (c) 1999, 1992, 1985, 1979, 1973, 1967, 1961, 1956 by
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Lanthanides Chemistry and use in organic synthesis VOL2 , (Shu
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Late Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysis , (B. Rieger, L.
Saunders Baugh, S. Kacker, S. Striegler) , Copyright (c) 2003 WILEY-VCH
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Lattice-gas cellular automata and lattice Boltzmann models ,
(Wolf-Gladrow D.A.) , Copyright (c) 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg.djvu 2 110 KB
Learning from Accidents Third edition , (Trevor Kletz) , (c) 2001.pdf
1
953 321
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Trevor Kletz 2001 2 128 KB
Lecture notes on algorithm analysis.4th edition ,
(parberry).pdf 1 927
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Lee's Loss Prevention in the Process Industries Volume 1 Third
edition , (Dr. Sam Mannan) , Copyright (c) 2005, Elsevier 58 365
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LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY- MASS SPECTROMETRY AN INTRODUCTIONLiquid
Chromatography , (Robert E. Ardrey) , Copyright (c) 2003 John Wiley &
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LIQUID DETERGENTS Second Edition , (Kuo-Yann Lai) , Copyright (c)
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Liquid Interfaces in Chemical, Biological, and Pharmaceutical
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Liquid Process Piping DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY U.S. Army Corps of
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Loss Prevention in the process industries volume 1 2nth Edition ,
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Loss Prevention in the process industries volume 2 2nth Edition ,
(Frank p lees) , Copyright (c) 1995.pdf 9 570 KB
Loss Prevention in the process industries volume 3 2nth Edition ,
(Frank p lees) , Copyright (c) 1995.pdf 9 965 KB
Machinery Component Maintenance and Repair Plants Volume 3 2th
edition , (Heinz P. Bloch-Fred K. Geitner) , Copyright (c) 1985, 1990 by
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Machinery Component Maintenance and Repair Vol 3 Second Edition ,
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new list book 7

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Fluid Flow Measurment Second Edition , (E.L. Upp-Paul J. LaNasa) ,
Copyright (c) 2002 by Butterworth Heinemann rapidshare
Fluid Mechanics 1 , (Kundu and Cohen) , Copyright (c)2002,1990 by
Elsevier Science (USA) rapidshare
Fluid Mechanics 2 , (Kundu and Cohen), Copyright (c)2002,1990 by
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FLUID MECHANICS PIPE FLOW . , (Alvaro Aguiar).pdf 298 KB
Fluid Mechanics Second Edition Second Edition , (Rjucsh K. Kundu ) ,
Copyright (c)2002,1990 by Elsevier Science (USA)..pdf 35 313 KB
Fluid Mechanics Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery FOURTH EDITION ,
(S.L. Dixon, B.Eng., PH.D.) , Copyright (c) 1978, 1998.pdf 3 364
KB
Fluid Mechanics, Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery , (S.L. Dixon) , (c)
1978, 1998 rapidshare
Fluidization Dynamics - A Predictive Theory , ( GIBILARO, L. G.) ,
(c)2001 rapidshare
Fluidization dynamics , (L.G Gibilaro) , Copyright (c)2001.pdf 1 926
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FLUIDIZATION, SOLIDS HANDLING, AND PROCESSING , (Wen-Ching Yang) ,
Copyright (c) 1998 by Noyes Publications rapidshare
FLUJO DE FLUIDOS E INTERCAMBIO DE CALOR 0. , (Levenspiel ) , Copyright
(c) Plenum Press 1993.pdf 11 394 KB
Fluorescence Spectroscopy in Biology , (M. Hof • R. Hutterer • V.
Fidler) , (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005.pdf 5 128 KB
Food chemical safety Volume 1 Contaminants , (by David H.
Watson) , Copyright (c) 2001, Woodhead Publishing Limited.pdf
2
859 KB
Food Processing Handbook , ( by James G. Brennan) , Copyright (c) 2006
WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA,.pdf 5 313 KB
FOOD SAFETY HANDBOOK , (RONALD H. SCHMIDT and GARY E. RODRICK) ,
Copyright (c) 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. 45
086 KB
For.Dummies.ACT.2007.For.Dummies.Oct.2006.pdf 8 088 KB
For.Dummies.Macs.For.Dummies.9th.Edition.Oct.2006.pdf 14 618 KB
For.Dummies.Software.Project.Management.For.Dummies.Oct.
2006.pdf 6 197
KB
forensic chemistry , (suzanne bell) , Copyright (c)2006.djvu 13 099
529
Formulas and Calculations for Drilling Second Edition , (Norton J.
Lapeyrouse) ,Copyright (c) 2002, Elsevier Science (USA)..pdf 15 463
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Foundations of Fluid Mechanics , ( Gallavotti) , Copyright (c) 2000
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Fourier Series, Transforms, and Boundary Value Problems Second
Edition , (J. RAY HANNA -JOHN H. ROWLAND ) , Copyright (c) 1990 by John
Wiley & Sons, Inc rapidshare
FOURIER TRANSFORMS AND WAVES , (Jon F. Clærbout) , (c) January 18,
1999.pdf 1 814 KB
Fractal Geometry--Mathematical Found,falconner , (p K. Falconer ) ,
Copyright (c) 1990.pdf 12 228 KB
Frontiers in Chemical Engineering Research Needs and Opportunities ,
(National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.) , Copyright (c)1988
11 759 KB
Fuel Cell Handbook (Fifth Edition) , (EG&G Services ) , Copyright (c)
October 2000 [US DOE 2000] 3 169 KB
Fuel cell technology handbook , edited by Gregor Hoogers., (c) 2003 by
CRC Press LLC rapidshare
Functional Fillers and Nanoscale Minerals , (Jon J. Kellar, Marc A.
Herpfer, and Brij 1)1 RBsudgil) , Copyright (c) 2003 Society for Mining
16 647 KB
Functional Fillers for Plastics , (M. Xanthos) , Copyright (c) 2005
WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co KGaA 7 169 KB
Functional Safety Second edition , (David J Smith-Kenneth G L
Simpson) , Copyright (c) 2001, 2004,.pdf 1 382 KB
Fundamental Principles of Membrane Biophysics , (D. Njus) , (c)2000
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Fundamentals and Technology of Combustion , (F.MAHALLAWY-S.HABIK) ,
(c)2002 Elsevier Science Ltd rapidshare
Fundamentals of Air Pollution 3th edition , (RICHARD W. BOUBEL-DONALD
L. FOX) , Copyright (c) 1994, 1984, 1973, Elsevier (USA).pdf 22 003
384
Fundamentals of Compressible Fluid Mechanics , Genick Bar ,Copyright (c)
2005, 2004 by Genick Bar-Meir rapidshare
Fundamentals of Computational Fluid Dynamics , (David W. Zingg) ,
Copyright (c) 1999 rapidshare
Fundamentals of Electrochemistry , (Bagotsky) ,(c)2006, Wiley ISBN
0471700584 rapidshare
FUNDAMENTALS OF ENGINEERING SUPPLIED-REFERENCE HANDBOOK FIFTH
EDITION , (NCEES) , Copyright (c) 2001 by the National Council of
Examiners for Engineering and Surveying 5 615 KB
Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics 5th Edition , (Moran &
Shapiro) , Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons Ltd,.pdf 34 500 KB
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer (5th Edition) Solution, ,F.P.
Incropera And D.P. DeWitt , rapidshare
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer , [Frank P.Incropera - David
P.DeWitt] rapidshare
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer , [Frank P.Incropera - David
P.DeWitt] Solution Manual.rar 32 391 KB
Fundamentals of Industrial Instrumentation and Process Control ,
(William C. Dunn) , Copyright (c) 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
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Fundamentals of multicomponent distillation , (C.D.Holland) ,
Copyright (c) 42 252 KB
FUNDAMENTALS OF PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS FOR ENGINEERS , (T.T.
Soong) , Copyright(c) 2004 John Wiley & Sons Ltd,.pdf 5 680 KB
fundamentals of statistical and thermal physics. , (reif) ,
Copyright (c) 1965.djvu 7 669 KB
FUNDAMENTALS of Thermodynamics - SOLUTION MANUAL SI UNIT PROBLEMS ,
(SONNTAG-BORGNAKKE-VAN WYLEN).pdf 21 798 KB
Fundamentals of Thermodynamics 6th Edition , SONNTAG-BORGNAKKE-VAN
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Fundamentals Of Thermodynamics 6th Edition Solution Guide , SONNTAG •
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Fundamentals of Thermodynamics Solutions , Moran and Shapiro rapidshare
Fuzzy Controllers , (LEONID REZNIK) , (c)1997.pdf 3 616 KB
Fuzzy_Expert_Systems rapidshare
Gas Purification 5 E, (Kohl Richard-B. Nielsen) , Copyright (c)
1960,1974,1979,1985,199b7y Gulf Publishing Company,.pdf 40 579 KB
Gas Separation Membrane Applications, (D. J. Stookey) , Copyright (c)
2001 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH.pdf 457 KB
Gas turbine engineering handbook 2nth Edition , ( Meherwan p.
BoyCe ) , (c) 1995 Butterworth-Heinemann.pdf 10 703 KB
Gas Well Testing Handbook , (Amanat U. Chaudhry) , Copyright (c) 2003 by
Elsevier Science..pdf 25 718 KB
GASIFICATION , (Chris Higman and Maarten van der Burgt) , Copyright (c)
2003, Elsevier Science (USA 5 220 KB
Gasification Technologies A Primer for Engineers and Scientists ,
(John Rezaiyan - Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff) , Copyright (c) 2005
Taylor & Francis Group, LLC rapidshare
GASIFICATION , ( Chris Higman and Maarten van der Burgt) ,Copyright
(c) 2003, Elsevier Science (USA)..pdf 4 688 KB
Gas-Solid Transport , (George E. Klinzing) , Copyright (c) 1981 by
McGraw-Hill, Inc rapidshare
Generalized Least Squares , (Takeaki Kariya and Hiroshi Kurata) , (c)
2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd rapidshare
Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs SECOND EDITION ,
(By R.A. Nelson - BP Amoco - Houston, TX) , Copyright (c) 2001 by
Butterworth-Heinemann 6 549 KB
Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs SECOND EDITION ,
(By R.A. Nelson BP Amoco Houston) , Copyright (c) 2001 by Butterworth-
Heinemann.pdf 6 109 KB
Glassblowing for Laboratory Technicians rapidshare
Global Optimization Using Interval Analysis , (Eldon Hanson) rapidshare
Global Phase Diagrams and Critical Phenomena Mixtures , (Ji Lin
Wang) , Copyright (c) 2002 rapidshare
Growing Food -A Guide to Food Production , (Tony Winch) ,
Copyright (c) 2006 Springer 3 784 KB
Guidelines for Design Solutions for Process Equipment Failure ,
() , Copyright (c) 1998 Center for Chemical Process SafetyAIChE rapidshare
Guidelines for Design Solutions for Process Equipment Failures ,
(Dennis C. Hendershot) , Copyright (c) 1998 American Institute of
Chemical Engineers 10 377 KB
GUIDELINES FOR PROCESS SAFETY DOCUMENTATION - AIChE.Guidelines,
(CENTER FOR CHEMICAL PROCESS SAFETY) , Copyright (c) 1995 American
Institute of Chemical Engineers 18 430 KB
Hand Book of Petroleum rapidshare
Handbook for Paints and Protective Coatings for Facilities ,
(MILITARY HANDBOOK) , Copyright (c) JANUARY 1995 rapidshare
Handbook of Adhesion Second Edition , (D. E. Packham) , Copyright (c)
2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 7 912 KB
Handbook of Adhesives and Sealants , (Edward M. Petrie) , Copyright
@ 2000 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc rapidshare
HANDBOOK OF AIR CONDITIONING AND REFRIGERATION , (Shan K. Wang) ,
Copyright (c) 2001, 1993 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, rapidshare
HANDBOOK OF AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL , (Nicholas P.
Cheremisinoff ) , Copyright (c) 2002, Elsevier Science (USA)..pdf
13 936
503
Handbook Of Analytical Methods For Materials , (Larry D. Hanke) ,
Copyright (c) 2001 by Material Evaluation and Engineering 1 163
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HANDBOOK OF APPLIED SURFACE AND COLLOID CHEMISTRY Volume 1 - 2 ,
(Krister Holmberg) , Copyright (c) 2002 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 38
213
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HANDBOOK OF APPLIED SURFACE AND COLLOID CHEMISTRY Volume 1 - 2 ,
(Krister Holmberg) , Copyright (c) 2002 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 38
208
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Handbook of Cathodic Corrosion Protection (3rd ed.) , (VON BAECKMANN,
W.) , Copyright (c) 1997 by Elsevier Science (USA)..pdf 15 161 KB
Handbook of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Calculations ,
(Joseph P. Reynolds - J. S. Jeris - L. Theodore) , Copyright (c) 2002 by
John 28 898 667
HANDBOOK OF CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING CALCULATIONS ,
(Joseph P. Reynolds - John S. Jeris - Louis Theodore) , Copyright (c)
2002 by John Wiley & Sons, 28 670 KB
Handbook of Chemical Engineering Calculation , (Avinash Gupta) ,
Copyright (c)2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies..pdf 6 967 KB
Handbook of Chemical Engineering Calculations Third Edition ,
(Avinash Gupta) , Copyright (c)2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies..pdf
6 470 KB
Handbook of Chemical Processing equipment , (Nicholas P.
Cheremisinoff.) , Copyright (c) 2000 by Butterworth-Heinemann.pdf
13 716
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Handbook of Chemistry and Physics [partial] rapidshare
HANDBOOK OF COMPOSITES SECOND EDITION , (S. T. Peters) , Copyright
(c) 1998 Chapman & Hall rapidshare
Handbook of Condensation Thermoplastic Elastomer , (S. Fakirov ) ,
Copyright (c) 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. 7 688 KB
Handbook of Corrosion Engineering , (Pierre R. Roberge) , Copyright (c)
2000 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc rapidshare
Handbook of Elemental Speciation Techniques and Methodology , (Rita
Cornelis - Joe Caruso) , Copyright (c) 2003 John Wiley & Sons Ltd,
The Atrium 7 303 KB
Handbook of Energy Engineering 5th ed , (Albert Thumann - D. Paul
Mehta) , Copyright (c) 2001 59 544 KB
Handbook of Environmental Degradation of Materials , (Myer Kutz) ,
Copyright (c) 2005 by William Andrew, Inc. 18 184 KB
HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING CALCULATIONS , (C. C. Lee -
Shun Dar LIn) , Copyright (c) 2000 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
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HANDBOOK OF FILLERS 2nd Edition , (George Wypych) , Copyright (c) 1999,
2000 ChemTec Publishing, rapidshare
HANDBOOK OF FREE RADICAL INITIATORS , (E.T. DENISOV - T.G. DENISOVA -
T.S. POKIDOVA) , Copyright (c) 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc 25
783 KB
Handbook of Genetic Algorithms ,( Chambers D.L. (ed.)) , Copyright
(c)2001 CRC ISBN 1584882 rapidshare
Handbook of Hazardous Chemical Properties , (Nicholas P.
Cheremisinoff) , Copyright (c) 2000 by Butterworth-Heinemann.pdf 37 706
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Handbook of Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning v2 , (Krieder,
JF ) , Copyright (c) 2001 [CRC Press ] rapidshare
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Handbook of herbs and spices Volume 2 , (Edited by K. V.
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Handbook of INDUSTRIAL BIOCATALYSIS , (Ching T. Hou) , Copyright
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Handbook of integral equations, (Andrei D. Polyanin, Alexander) , (c)
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Handbook of linear partial differential equations for engineers and
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Copyright (c) 2002 CRC rapidshare
Handbook of Materials Selection , ( Kutz,Myer) , Copyright (c) 2002 by
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Handbook of Math Formulas, (Spiegel).pdf 21 428 KB
Handbook of Matrices , (H. Lutkepohl ) , Copyright (c) 1996 by John
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William A. Goddard) , Copyright (c) 2003 by CRC Press LLC rapidshare
HANDBOOK OF NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION AND PROCESSING , (Saeid Mokhatab
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Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties , (Ian Smallwood_by Smallwood
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HANDBOOK OF PETROLEUIM REFINING PROCESSES Second Edition, (Robert A.
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HANDBOOK OF PETROLEUIM REFINING PROCESSES third Edition, (Robert A.
Meyers) , Copyright (c) 1997 by The McGrawHili 11 284 KB
Handbook of Petroleum Analysis , (JAMES G. SPEIGHT) , Copyright (c) 2001
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Handbook Of Petroleum Refining Processes Third Edition , (Robert A.
Meyers) , (c) 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies rapidshare
Handbook of Plastic Foams , (Arthur H. Landrock) , Copyright (c) 1995
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DOE-HDBK-1100-96 - Fundamentals Handbook Chemical Process Hazards
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Domino Reactions in Organic Synthesis , (Lutz F. Tietze, Gordon
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Driiling Manual rapidshare
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Hughes) , Copyright (c) 1995 9 120 KB
Drilling Engineering Workbook A Distributed Learning Course , (Baker
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Dust Explosions in the Process Industries Third Edition , ECKHOFF, R.
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Dynamic Simulation Using Hysys , (c) 2006.pdf 15 691 KB
Dynamic System Modeling and Control (by Hugh Jack ) , (c) Copyright
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DYNAMICS OF MOLECULE SURFACE INTERACTIONS , Gert D. Billing H. C. ,
Copyright (c) 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc..djvu 2 122 KB
Dynamics of Molecules and Chemical Reactions , (Robert E. Wyatt -
John Z. H. Zhang ) , Copyright (c) 1996 by Marcel Dekker, 21 185
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Ebook ,Sigmund Freud rapidshare
Efficiency and Sustainability in The Energy and Chemical Industry ,
Copyright (c) 2004 Marcel Dekker, Inc rapidshare
Electrochemical Activation of Catalysis m (Kluwer) , (c) 2002 rapidshare
ELECTROCHEMICAL METHODS Fundamentals and Applications SECOND
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc 23 966 KB
ELECTROCHEMISTRY AND CORROSION SCIENCE , (Nestor Perez) , Copyright (c)
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Electrochemistry in Nonaqueous Solutions , ( Kosuke Izutsu) ,
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Electrometallurgical Techniques for DOE Spent Fuel Treatment FINAL
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Electron Tomography of Chromosome Structure, (Peter Engelhardt) ,
Copyright (c) John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, 2000 2 095 KB
Electrostatic Hazards , ( Gunter Luttgens and Norman Wilson) , (c) 1997
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Elementary Applied Partial Differential Equations with Fourier Series
and Boundary Value Problems , (Haberman).pdf 21 802 KB
Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems ,
(William E. Boyce-Richard C. DiPrima) , Copyright (c) 2001 John Wiley &
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ELEMENTARY LINEAR ALGEBRA FOR ADVANCED SPECTRAL PROBLEMS , (JOHANNES
SJ OSTRAND AND MACIEJ ZWORSKI).pdf 658 KB
Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering Fogler 3rd Solution , (T
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EMULSIONS AND EMULSION STABILITY Second Edition , (Johann
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Ency.of.Computional Chem vol1.djvu 27 330 KB
Ency.of.Computional Chem vol2.djvu 23 968 KB
Encyclopedia of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry , (John F
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Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 4th Edition , (Kirk Othmer) rapidshare
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Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 4th Edition, Kirk Othmer_vol1.djvu
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Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 4th Edition, Kirk Othmer_vol9.djvu
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Encyclopedia of Chromatography , (Jack Cazes 1) , Copyright (c)
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Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology Vol.1-4 , (Creighton T.E. ) ,
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Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology -3th Edition_
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Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology 12 Volume , Copyright (c)
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Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry three volume Set ,
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Encyclopedic Dictionary of Named Processes in Chemical Technology ,
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Encyclopedic Dictionary of Named Processes in Chemical Technology ,
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Energy from Biomass , (Peter Quaak - Harrie Knoef - Hubert Stassen) ,
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Energy in Europe and Central Asia , (Laszlo Lovei) , Copyright (c) 1998
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ENERGY TECHNOLOGY AND DIRECTIONS FOR THE FUTURE , By John R. Fanchi ,
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Energy, Technology and Directions for the Future , (By John R.
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EngCalc Heat and Mass Transfer.zip 2 909 KB
Engineer Manual - Engineer and Design Liquid Process Piping -
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY U.S. Army 2 059 KB
Engineer Manual - Engineer and Design Liquid Process Piping - review ,
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Engineering - Fluid Mechanics Textbook (McGraw-Hill) , White ,
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Engineering - Matlab Programming.pdf 2 053 KB
Engineering and Scientific Computations Using MATLAB@ , (Sergey E.
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Engineering Materials 1 , Second Edition by Michael F. Ashby and David
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Engineering Mathematics Fourth Edition , JOHN BIRD, Copyright (c) 2001,
2003,.pdf 5 342 KB
Engineering Optimization - Theory and Practice , ( SINGIRESU S.
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Engineering Thin Films and Nanostructures with Ion Beams , (Émile
Knystautas) , Copyright (c) 2005 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 31
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ENGINEERING TRIBOLOGY , (Gwidon W. Stachowiak).pdf 10 398 KB
Engineering with Rubber 2nd Edition , (Alan N. Gent) , Copyright (c)
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Engineers ' Guide to Pressure Equipment , (Clifford Matthews) , (c) 2001
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Entropy and Entropy Generation , (J. S. Shiner) , (c) 2002 Kluwer
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Environmental - Environmental Chemistry , (Boca Raton - Manahan,
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Environmental - Fundamentals of Environmental Chemistry , (Boca Raton
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Environmental Analysis and Technology for the Refining Industry ,
(JAMES G. SPEIGHT A) , Copyright (c) 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, 2
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ENVIRONMENTAL CATALYSIS , (VICKI H. GRASSIAN) , Copyright (c) 2005
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Environmental Contaminants Assessment and Control , (Daniel A.
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Environmental Control in Petroleum Engineering , REIS , J. C. ,
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Environmental Engineering (4th ed.) , WEINER, R. F. , Copyright (c)
2003, Elsevier Science (USA).pdf 12 701 817
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING FIFTH EDITION , (JOSEPH A. SALVATO - NELSON
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Environmentally-friendly food processing , (Berit Mattsson and Ulf
Sonesson) , Copyright (c) 2003 Woodhead Publishing Limited 9 363
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Enzymes A Practical Introduction to Structure, Mechanism, and Data
Analysis. SECOND EDITION , (Robert A. Copeland) , Copyright (c) 2000 by
Wiley-VCH, Inc 5 991 KB
Equilibrium-Stage Separation Operations in Chemical Engineering ,
(Henley E.J., Seader J.D. ) ,Copyright (c) 1981 by John Wiley & Sons,
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Ergonomic Solutions for the Process Industries , (Dennis A. Attwood-
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Ergonomic Solutions for the Process Industries , Dennis A. Attwood
Joseph M. Deeb Mary E. Danz-Reece , Copyright (c) 2004, Elsevier
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Ernest W. Flick PREPAINT SPECIALTIES AND SURFACE TOLERANT COATINGS,
(Ernest W. Flick) , Copyright (c) 1991 by Ernest W. Flick rapidshare
Ernest W. Flick WATER- BASED PAINT FORMULATIONS Volume 3 , (Ernest
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Ernest W. Flick WATER-BASED PA1 NT FORM U LATIONS Volume 4 ,
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Essentials of Process Control , (Michael L. Luyben-William L.
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Esterification of Polysaccharides , (Thomas Heinze • Tim Liebert •
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2006 6 159 KB
Estimator's Piping Man-Hour Manual (5th ed.) , (PAGE, J. S.),Copyright
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Excel for Chemists - A Comprehensive Guide - 2nd Edition , (By E.
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Exercises in Synthetic Organic Chemistry , (CHIARA GHIRON - RUSSELL J.
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Experiments in Catalytic Reaction Engineering , (J. M. Berty) ,(c) 1999
Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.pdf 6 580 KB
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Extractive Metallurgy of Copper ,( W.G. DAVENPORT-M. KING ), (c)2002
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facility piping systems handbook Second Edition , (Michael Frankel) ,
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Feedstock Recycling and Pyrolysis of Waste Plastics Converting Waste
Plastics into Diesel and Other Fuels , (J. Scheirs and W. Kaminsky) ,
Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, 11 196 KB
FEM Theory and Analisys with ANSYS - Prentice Ha.pdf 30 158 KB
FERMENTATION AND BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING HANDBOOK Second Edition ,
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FERMENTATION AND BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING HANDBOOK Second Edition ,
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FINITE DIFFERENCE AND SPECTRAL METHOD , (Lloyd N Trefethen) ,
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FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS , (Joseph E Flaherty) , Copyright (c) 2000.pdf
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Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook (2nd ed.) , SADEGHBEIGI, R.
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FLUID Facts Engineering Handbook , (Baker Hughes) , Copyright (c) 1999
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Fluid Flow Measurement - A Practical Guide to Accurate Flow
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CHEMICAL REACTOR DESIGN-OPTIMIZATION AND SCALEUP , (E. Bruce Nauman) ,
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CHEMICAL REAGENT , BY E. MERCK ,(c) 1907.pdf 2 693 KB
CHEMICAL REFERENCE MATERIALS Setting the Standards for Ocean Science ,
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Chemical Thermodynamics of Materials - Macroscopic and Microscopic
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CHEMICAL REFERENCE MATERIALS , () , Copyright (c) 2002 by the
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Chemistry and Technology of Soft Drinks and Fruit Juices Second
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Chemistry of Petrochemical Processes, 2nd Edition (Professor Lewis
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Colloids and Interfaces with Surfactants and Polymers , (Jim W.
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Color Atlas of Biochemistry Second edition , (Jan Koolman - Klaus-
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Coloring of Plastics Second Edition , (ROBERT A. CHARVAT) , Copyright
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COLORING TECHNOLOGY for Plastics (5th Edition) Volumes 1-4 , (Ronald
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Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry XXXVII , (J. Pawliszyn) ,
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Computational Chemistry A Practical Guide for Applying Techniques to
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Computational Chemistry Using the PC Third Edition , (Donald W.
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Computational Flow Modeling for Chemical Reactor Engineering , RANADE,
V. V. (2001) , Copyright (c) 2002 by ACADEMIC PRESS.pdf 9 642 KB
COMPUTATIONAL FLOW MODELING FOR CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING , Vivek
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COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS , (J. Blazek) , (c) 2001 rapidshare
Computational Fluid Dynamics 1 , (Hoffmann & Chiang) , Copyright 1998,
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Computational Methods for Fluid Dynamics , (Joel H. Ferziger-Milovan
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Computational Methods in Surface and Colloid Science ,M.Borowko ,
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Computational Rheology for Pipeline and Annular Flow by CHIN, W. C. ,
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Computational Statistics Handbook with Ordinary and Partial
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Computer Aided Process Design. Oil.&.Gas , BY SVRCEK &
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AliiEl WAllSill ,Copyright (c) 1991 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc..djvu 5
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COMPUTER MODELLING OF MICROPOROUS MATERIALS , (C.R.A. Catlow - R.A.
van Santen - B. Smit) , Copyright (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. 4 760
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Controlled Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Microheterogeneous
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Convexity and optimization in Rn , LEONARD D. BERKOVITZ ,Copyright
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Cooling Tower Thermal Design Manual 2 055 KB
Corrosion (3rd ed.) (2 vols.) Volume 1 , (SHREIR) , L. L . , (c)1993.pdf
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Corrosion (3rd ed.) (2 vols.) Volume 2 , (SHREIR) , L. L . , (c)1993.pdf
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Corrosion Science and Technology , (David Talbot-James Talbo) ,
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CORROSION Volume 1 MetalEnvironment Reactions , (L. L. Shreir - R. A.
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Corrosionin the Oil industry 4 609 KB
Coulson & Richardson ' s CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Solutions to the
Problems in Chemical Engineering Volume 1 , (J. M. COULSON and J. F.
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Coulson & Richardson's CHEMICAL ENGINEERING VOLUME 1 , (J. M. COULSON
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Coulson & Richardson's Chemical Engineering Volume 2 (5th ed.) ,
RICHARDSON, J. F. (2002). , Copyright (c) 1991, 2002, J. F. Richardson
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Coulson & Richardson's CHEMICAL ENGINEERING VOLUME 6 , (R. K.
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CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 82th edition , (Editor in Chief
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new list book 1

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Energy-Based Evaluation and Remediation of Liquefiable Soils

2008-10-24T19:42:00.001-07:00

Type of Document Dissertation
Author Green, Russell A.
Author's Email Address rugreen@vt.edu
URN etd-08132001-170900
Title Energy-Based Evaluation and Remediation of Liquefiable Soils
Degree PhD
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
James K. Mitchell Committee Chair
J.R. Martin Committee Member
M. Gutierrez Committee Member
M.P. Singh Committee Member
S.F. Obermeier Committee Member
T. Kuppusamy Committee Member
Keywords

* Remediation
* Ground Improvement
* Liquefaction
* Energy
* Earthquake
* Densification

Date of Defense 2001-08-06
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

Energy-Based Evaluation and Remediation of Liquefiable Soils

Russell A. Green

Dr. James K. Mitchell, Chair

Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

ABSTRACT

Remedial ground densification is commonly used to reduce the liquefaction susceptibility of loose, saturated sand deposits, wherein controlled liquefaction is typically induced as the first step in the densification process. Assuming that the extent of induced liquefaction is approximately equal to the extent of ground densification, the purpose of this research is to assess the feasibility of using earthquake liquefaction data in remedial ground densification design via energy-based concepts.

The energy dissipated by frictional mechanisms during the relative movement of sand grains is hypothesized to be directly related to the ability of a soil to resist liquefaction (i.e., Capacity). This hypothesis is supported by energy-based pore pressure generation models, which functionally relate dissipated energy to residual excess pore pressures. Assuming a linearized hysteretic model, a �simplified� expression is derived for computing the energy dissipated in the soil during an earthquake (i.e., Demand). Using this expression, the cumulative energy dissipated per unit volume of soil and normalized by the initial mean effective confining stress (i.e., normalized energy demand: NED) is calculated for 126 earthquake case histories for which the occurrence or non-occurrence of liquefaction is known. By plotting the computed NED values as a function of their corresponding SPT penetration resistance, a correlation between the normalized energy capacity of the soil (NEC) and SPT penetration resistance is established by the boundary giving a reasonable separation of the liquefaction / no liquefaction data points. NEC is the cumulative energy dissipated per unit volume of soil up to initial liquefaction, normalized by the initial mean effective confining stress, and the NEC correlation with SPT penetration resistance is referred to as the Capacity curve.

Because the motions induced during earthquake shaking and remedial ground densification significantly differ in amplitude, duration, and frequency content, the dependency of the derived Capacity curve on the nature of the loading needs to be established. Towards this end, the calibration parameters for energy-based pore pressure generation models are examined for their dependence on the amplitude of the applied loading. The premise being that if the relationship between dissipated energy and pore pressure generation is independent of the amplitude of loading, then the energy required to generate excess pore pressures equal to the initial effective confining stress should also be independent of the load amplitude. However, no conclusive statement could be made from results of this review. Next, first order numerical models are developed for computing the spatial distribution of the energy dissipated in the soil during treatment using the vibratory probe method, deep dynamic compaction, and explosive compaction. In conjunction with the earthquake-derived Capacity curves, the models are used to predict the spatial extent of induced liquefaction during soil treatment and compared with the predicted spatial extent of improvement using empirical expressions and guidelines. Although the proposed numerical models require further validation, the predicted extent of liquefaction and improvement are in very good agreement, thus giving credence to the feasibility of using the Capacity curve for remedial ground densification design.

Although further work is required to develop energy-based remedial densification design procedures, the potential benefits of such procedures are as follows. By using the Capacity curve, the minimum dissipated energy required for successful treatment of the soil can be determined. Because there are physical limits on the magnitude of the energy that can be imparted by a given technique, such an approach may lead to improved feasibility assessments and initial designs of the densification programs.

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Verification of Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Deterioration Models Based on Field Evaluation of In-Service Pavements

2008-10-24T19:41:00.006-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Gramajo, Carlos Rafael
URN etd-05262005-201211
Title Verification of Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Deterioration Models Based on Field Evaluation of In-Service Pavements
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. Gerardo Flinstch Committee Chair
Dr. Amara Loulizi Committee Member
Dr. Imad Al-Qadi Committee Member
Keywords

* backcalculation
* pavement evaluation
* pavement structural capacity
* mechanistic-empirical design
* pavement distresses
* performance prediction

Date of Defense 2005-05-23
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

This thesis focused on using a detailed structural evaluation of seven (three flexible and four composite) high performance in-service pavements designated as high-priority routes to verify the applicability of the Mechanistic Empirical (M-E) models to high performance pavements in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The structural evaluation included: determination of layer thicknesses (from cores, GPR and historical data), pavement condition assessment based on visual survey, estimation of layer moduli from FWD analysis as well as material characterization. One of the main objectives of this study was to utilize the results from the backcalculated moduli in order to predict the performance of this group of pavement structures using the M-E Design Guide Software. This allowed a quick verification of the performance prediction models used by comparing their outcome with the current condition.

The in-depth structural evaluation of the three flexible and four composite pavements showed that all the sites are structurally sound. The investigation also confirmed that the use of GPR to determine layer thicknesses and the comparison with a minimum number of cores is a helpful tool for pavement structural evaluation. Despite some difficulties performing the backcalculation analysis for complex structures, the obtained results were considered reasonable and were useful in estimating the current structural adequacy of the evaluated structures.

The comparison of the measured distresses with those predicted by the M-E Design Guide software showed poor agreement. In general, the predicted distresses were higher than the distresses actually measured. However, there was not enough evidence to determine whether this is due to errors in the prediction models or software, or because of the use of defaults material properties, specially for the AC layers. It must be noted that although an in-depth field evaluation was performed, only Level 3 data was available for many of the input parameters. The results suggest that significant calibration and validation will be required before implementation of the M-E Design Guide.

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A GPS-IPW Based Methodology for Forecasting Heavy Rain Events

2008-10-24T19:41:00.005-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Gorugantula, Srikanth VL
Author's Email Address svenkata@vt.edu, sgorugantula@gky.com
URN etd-12302002-114005
Title A GPS-IPW Based Methodology for Forecasting Heavy Rain Events
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
G.V.Loganathan Committee Chair
Tamim Younos Committee Member
Vinod K Lohani Committee Member
Keywords

* radiosode
* statistical analysis
* GOES satellite

Date of Defense 2002-12-06
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

The mountainous western Virginia is the source of the headwater streams for the New, the Roanoke, and the James rivers. The region is prone to flash flooding, typically the result of localized precipitation. Fortunately, within the region, there is an efficient system of instruments for real-time data gathering with IFLOWS (Integrated Flood Observing and Warning System) gages, WSR-88D Doppler radar, and high precision GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver. The focus of this research is to combine the measurements from these various sensors in an algorithmic framework to determine the flash flood magnitude. It has been found that the trend in the GPS signals serves as a precursor for rain events with a lead-time of 30 minutes to 2 hours. The methodology proposed herein takes advantage of this lead-time as the trigger to initiate alert related calculations. It is shown here that the sum of the rates of change of total cloud water, water vapor contents and logarithmic profiles of partial pressure of dry air and temperature in an atmospheric column is equal to the rain rate. The total water content is measurable as the profiles of integrated precipitable water (IPW) from the GPS, the vertically integrated liquid (VIL) from the radar (representing different phases of the atmospheric water) and the pressure and temperature profiles are available. An example problem is presented illustrating the involving the calculations.

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Development of an extended hyperbolic model for concrete-to-soil interfaces

2008-10-24T19:41:00.003-07:00

Type of Document Dissertation
Author Gomez, Jesus Emilio
Author's Email Address jgomez@vt.edu
URN etd-07242000-15060006
Title Development of an extended hyperbolic model for concrete-to-soil interfaces
Degree PhD
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
George M. Filz Committee Chair
J. Michael Duncan Committee Member
James R. Martin Committee Member
Rakesh K. Kapania Committee Member
Thomas L. Brandon Committee Member
Keywords

* data normalization
* hyperbolic parameter
* concrete
* yield surface
* staged shear
* interface model
* hydrocompression
* interface testing
* sand
* unloading-reloading
* backfill inundation
* interface element
* yielding

Date of Defense 2000-07-19
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

Development of an Extended Hyperbolic Model for Concrete-to-Soil Interfaces

by

Jes�s E. G�mez

Dr. George M. Filz, Chairman

Via Department of Civil Engineering

ABSTRACT

Placement and compaction of the backfill behind an earth retaining wall may induce a vertical shear force at the soil-to-wall interface. This vertical shear force, or downdrag, is beneficial for the stability of the structure. A significant reduction in construction costs may result if the downdrag is accounted for during design. This potential reduction in costs is particularly interesting in the case of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers lock walls.

A simplified procedure is available in the literature for estimating the downdrag force developed at the wall-backfill interface during backfilling of a retaining wall. However, finite element analyses of typical U.S. Army Corps of Engineers lock walls have shown that the magnitude of the downdrag force may decrease during operation of the lock with a rise in the water table in the backfill. They have also shown that pre- and post-construction stress paths followed by interface elements often involve simultaneous changes in shear and normal stresses and unloading-reloading. The hyperbolic formulation for interfaces (Clough and Duncan 1971) is accurate for modeling the interface response in the primary loading stage under constant normal stress. However, it has not been extended to model simultaneous changes in shear and normal stresses or unloading-reloading of the interface.

The purpose of this research was to develop an interface model capable of giving accurate predictions of the interface response under field loading conditions, and to implement this model in a finite element program. In order to develop the necessary experimental data, a series of tests were performed on interfaces between concrete and two different types of sand. The tests included initial loading, staged shear, unloading-reloading, and shearing along complex stress paths.

An extended hyperbolic model for interfaces was developed based on the results of the tests. The model is based on Clough and Duncan (1971) hyperbolic formulation, which has been extended to model the interface response to a variety of stress paths. Comparisons between model calculations and tests results showed that the model provides accurate estimates of the response of interfaces along complex stress paths. The extended hyperbolic model was implemented in the finite element program SOILSTRUCT-ALPHA, used by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for analyses of lock walls.

A pilot-scale test was performed in the Instrumented Retaining Wall (IRW) at Virginia Tech that simulated construction and operation of a lock wall. SOILSTRUCT-ALPHA analyses of the IRW provided accurate estimates of the downdrag magnitude throughout inundation of the backfill. It is concluded that the extended hyperbolic model as implemented in SOILSTRUCT-ALPHA is adequate for routine analyses of lock walls.

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An Evaluation of Assignment Algorithms and Post-Pro cessing Techniques for Travel Demand Forecast Models

2008-10-24T19:41:00.001-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Goldfarb, Daniel Scott
Author's Email Address dgoldfar@vt.edu
URN etd-04052003-152157
Title An Evaluation of Assignment Algorithms and Post-Pro cessing Techniques for Travel Demand Forecast Models
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
John Collura Committee Chair
Antonie Hobeika Committee Member
Sam Tignor Committee Member
Keywords

* Post-Processing
* Travel Demand Forecast

Date of Defense 2003-04-01
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

An Evaluation of Assignment Algorithms and Post-Processing Techniques for Travel Demand Forecast Models

Daniel S. Goldfarb

(ABSTRACT)

The purpose of this research project was to evaluate the techniques outlined in the National Cooperative Highway Research Program Technical Report 255 Highway Traffic Data for Urbanized Area Project Planning and Design (NCHRP-255), published in 1982 by the Transportation Research Board. This evaluation was accomplished by using a regional travel demand forecast model calibrated and validated for the year 1990 and developing a highway forecast for the year 2000. The forecasted volumes along the Capital Beltway (I-495/I-95) portion located in the State of Maryland were compared to observed count data for that same year. A series of statistical measures were used to quantitatively evaluate the benefits of the techniques documented in NCHRP-255.

The primary research objectives were:

· To critically evaluate the ability of a regional travel demand forecast model to accurately forecast freeway corridor volumes by comparing link forecast volumes to the actual count data.

· To evaluate and determine the significance of post-processing techniques as outlined in NCHRP-255.

The most important lesson learned from this research is that although it was originally written in 1982, NCHRP-255 is still a very valuable resources for supplementing travel demand forecast model output. The “raw” model output is not reliable enough to be used directly for highway design, operational analysis, nor alternative or economic evaluations. The travel demand forecast model is a tool that is just part of the forecasting process. It is not a turn-key operation, and travel demand forecasts cannot be done without the application of engineering judgment.

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Analysis of Pressurized Arch-Shells

2008-10-24T19:40:00.007-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Goh, Julian Kok Seng
URN etd-110298-213557
Title Analysis of Pressurized Arch-Shells
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Raymond H. Plaut Committee Chair
Rakesh K Kapania Committee Member
Siegfried M. Holzer Committee Member
Keywords

* shell
* arch
* Rayleigh-Ritz method
* wind load
* structural analysis
* snow load

Date of Defense 1998-11-19
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

A pressurized arch-shell structural component made of flexible material is considered.

The component is inflated with high internal pressure. The behavior of similar types

of structures, such as a pair of leaning pressurized arches and pressurized arch-supported

membrane shelters, has been investigated in the past. More recently, several types of

pressurized structures have been incorporated as part of the framework for a variety of

structural systems. Particularly, the U.S. Army has been investigating the use of large

lightweight and transportable pressurized arch-shell structures to be used as maintenance

shelters for vehicles, helicopters, and airplanes.

The formulated equations using thin shell theory are applied to a pressurized arch-shell

component. A numerical investigation based on the Rayleigh-Ritz method is utilized to

determine the behavior of arch-shells under various types of loading. The types of loading

include a uniformly distributed vertical load representing snow, a wind load, and a

horizontal side load distributed along the arc length. Deflections, stress resultants, and

moments at various locations are computed for two types of shapes: circular and non-circular

arch-shells.

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A NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE SEISMIC RESPONSE OF THE AGGREGATE PIER FOUNDATION SYSTEM

2008-10-24T19:40:00.005-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Girsang, Christian Hariady
URN etd-12212001-133242
Title A NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE SEISMIC RESPONSE OF THE AGGREGATE PIER FOUNDATION SYSTEM
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. Marte S. Gutierrez Committee Chair
Dr. James K. Mitchell Committee Member
Dr. James R. Martin Committee Member
Keywords

* liquefaction
* aggregate pier
* ground improvement
* numerical modeling
* earthquake
* mitigation

Date of Defense 2001-12-20
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

The response of an aggregate pier foundation system during seismic loading was investigated. The factors and phenomena governing the performance of the aggregate pier and the improved ground were identified and clarified. The key factors affecting the performance of the aggregate pier include soil density, stiffness modulus, and drainage capacity. The improved ground is influenced by soil stratification, soil properties, pore pressure dissipation, and earthquake time history.

Comprehensive numerical modeling using FLAC were performed. The focus of the study in this research was divided into three parts: the studies of the ground acceleration, the excess pore water pressure ratio and the shear stress in soil matrix generated during seismic loading. Two earthquake time histories scaled to different peak acceleration were used in the numerical modeling: the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake (pga = 0.45g) and the 1988 Saguenay earthquake (pga = 0.05g).

The main results of the simulation showed the following effects of aggregate pier on liquefiable soil deposits: 1) The aggregate pier amplifies the peak horizontal acceleration on the ground surface (amax), 2) The aggregate pier reduces the liquefaction potential up to depth where it is installed, 3) Pore pressures are generally lower for soils reinforced with aggregate pier than unreinforced soils except for very strong earthquake, 4) The maximum shear stresses in soil are much smaller for reinforced soils than unreinforced soils.

The excess pore water pressure ratio and the shear stress in the soil matrix calculated by FLAC were generally lower than those predicted by available procedures.

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INTEGRATING GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES INTO THE PROPERTY MANAGEMENT PROCESS OF THE TRANSPORTATION RIGHT-OF-WAY

2008-10-24T19:40:00.003-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Ghanta, Neelima
Author's Email Address neelimag@vt.edu
URN etd-02192007-105015
Title INTEGRATING GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES INTO THE PROPERTY MANAGEMENT PROCESS OF THE TRANSPORTATION RIGHT-OF-WAY
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. Kathleen L. Hancock Committee Chair
Dr. Gerardo W. Flintsch Committee Member
Dr. Pamela M. Murray-Tuite Committee Member
Keywords

* geographic information systems (GIS)
* enterprise architect
* unified modeling language (UML)
* property management
* right-of-way (ROW)
* department of transportation (DOT)

Date of Defense 2007-02-05
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

Property Management, one functional area within Right-of-Way offices in state transportation agencies, is responsible for managing the property acquired for highway projects. These activities are data and document intensive and efficiency for performing them would be improved through the implementation of an information management system. Because of the geospatial nature of many of these activities, geographic information systems (GIS) would increase the effectiveness of this system. A literature review and survey were conducted to understand the current state of practice for the use of GIS and information management systems in Property Management. There is no identified comprehensive system that covers all Property Management activities. An initial step in developing a geospatially-enabled enterprise-level information management system, a logical model was developed. This included developing the business process diagram, business process models, and use case models based on the principles of systems engineering using the Computer Aided Software (CASE) Enterprise Architecture. Activities that would benefit from a geospatial component have been identified and included in the models. The developed models have been validated by working with PennDOT staff. The resulting model serves as a standard template for state transportation agencies and helps conceptualize the advantages of integration and interaction with other systems, and geospatial enablement prior to investment in an information management system.

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STABILIZATION OF SOFT CLAY SUBGRADES IN VIRGINIA – PHASE I LABORATORY STUDY

2008-10-24T19:40:00.001-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Geiman, Christopher Matthew
Author's Email Address cgeiman@vt.edu
URN etd-05102005-152711
Title STABILIZATION OF SOFT CLAY SUBGRADES IN VIRGINIA – PHASE I LABORATORY STUDY
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
George M. Filz Committee Chair
Raymond H. Plaut Committee Member
Thomas L. Brandon Committee Member
Keywords

* lime
* soil stabilization
* polymers
* cement

Date of Defense 2005-05-10
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

Many pavement subgrades in Virginia consist of wet, highly plastic clay or other troublesome soils. Such soils can be treated with traditional lime and cement stabilization methods. Alternatives, including lignosulfonates and polymers, are available, but their performance record is mixed and solid engineering data is lacking, which prevents reliable design. The goal of this research was to screen a suite of traditional and non-traditional stabilizers against three Virginia soils that have caused problems during construction or resulted in poor performance in service. The selected stabilizers were: quicklime, hydrated lime, pelletized lime, cement, lignosulfonate, synthetic polymer, magnesium chloride, and a proprietary cementitious stabilizer. A laboratory procedure was developed and applied to three Virginia soils obtained from Northern Virginia, Staunton, and Lynchburg.

Key findings from the research include that (1) traditional lime and cement stabilizers were far more effective than liquid stabilizers (lignosulfonate, synthetic polymer, and magnesium chloride) in increasing strength, (2) the liquid stabilizers were ineffective on soils with high moisture content, (3) the proprietary cementitious stabilizer was more effective in increasing strength than lime for all cases tested, but not was not as effective as the cement stabilizer, (4) quicklime and hydrated lime increased workability of the soils although they did not produce strengths comparable to cement, (5) the strength of soils stabilized with cement and the proprietary cementitious stabilizer can be estimated based on the water-amendment ratio of the mixture, and (6) the strength of soils stabilized with lime can be estimated based on a combination of plasticity index and water-amendment ratio of the mixture.

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Effects of a Flexible Foundation on the Response of a Timber Shear Wall

2008-10-24T19:39:00.007-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Gates, Joseph Dwayne
Author's Email Address Jogates2@mail.vt.edu
URN etd-11197-105248
Title Effects of a Flexible Foundation on the Response of a Timber Shear Wall
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Maurice White Committee Chair
Dr. Dan Dolan Committee Member
Dr. Siegfried Holzer Committee Member
Keywords

* Joist Stiffness
* Flexible Foundations
* Shear Walls

Date of Defense 1997-09-12
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

A parametric study was performed to determine the effect of flexible foundations on the response of timber shear walls. Timber shear walls, which typically consist of structural-use panels, such as plywood or oriented strand board (OSB), attached to a frame made from dimension lumber with dowel-type fasteners such as nails, provide resistance to lateral loading for many low-rise structures in North America. Research performed on shear walls has assumed that a wall is supported by a relatively stiff foundation, such as a concrete block wall, along the entire length of the wall. However, walls are sometimes supported by a relatively flexible foundation, such as a floor joist, which would alter the stiffness, and therefore the response of the wall. Research on flexible foundations is limited at best, and there is a string need to examine the behavior of shear walls on flexible foundations.

The study consisted of creating a shear wall numerical model, varying the conditions at the foundation of the model, and analyzing the model when subjected to both monotonic and dynamic loading for each foundation. The system modeled corresponded to a 2.4 m (8 ft) high by 3.7 m (12 ft) long shear wall supported by and parallel to a 7.3 m (24 ft) long joist with hold-downs at each chord of the wall. The joist was supported at each end, with one chord of the wall at an end of the joist and the other chord located at the center of the joist. Eleven joist cross-sections, with sizes determined based on deflection criteria ranging from L/180 to L/720, and a rigid base were included in the study, along with three different hold-down bolt sizes, for a total of thirty-six different foundations. The wall model was analyzed using WALSEIZ1, which is a modified version of the finite element program WALSEIZ (White and Dolan, 1995). Maximum displacements, internal forces, and maximum load were recorded when the model was subjected to monotonic loading, while the maximum displacements and base shear were recorded when the model was subjected to dynamic loading. Results from the study were examined to determine if modifications to the current design practices should be considered.

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Diffuser Operations at Spring Hollow Reservoir

2008-10-24T19:39:00.005-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Gantzer, Paul Anthony
Author's Email Address pgantzer@vt.edu
URN etd-05212002-163729
Title Diffuser Operations at Spring Hollow Reservoir
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
John Little Committee Chair
Dan Gallagher Committee Member
Randy Dymond Committee Member
Keywords

* Oxygenation
* Thermocline
* Diffuser
* Hypolimnion
* Aeration

Date of Defense 2002-05-09
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

Stratification is a natural occurrence in deep lakes and reservoirs. This phenomenon results in two distinct layers, the warmer, less dense epilimnion on top and the colder, denser, hypolimnion on the bottom. The epilimnion remains saturated with dissolved oxygen (DO) from mass transfer with the atmosphere, while the hypolimnion continues to undergo oxygen-depleting processes. During seasons of high oxygen demand the hypolimnion often becomes anoxic and results in the release of compounds, such as Iron, Manganese, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Phosphorous from the sediment. Iron, Manganese, and Hydrogen Sulfide can require addition Chlorine for water treatment plants, thus increasing cost and the potential production of DBP’s, while the release of phosphorous results in algal blooms the following year. Spring Hollow Reservoir, located in Roanoke County, Virginia is a deep reservoir that undergoes stratification during the summer months. During 1997 Roanoke County purchased a bubble-plume diffuser from Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) to oxygenate the hypolimnion to maintain long-term water quality. Spring Hollow currently operates the diffuser, with compressed air, during late summer months when DO levels in the hypolimnion reach approximately 4 mg/L. Observations during oxygenation have identified changing DO addition rates during diffuser operation and changing DO depletion rates following termination of oxygenation. Future research should focus on developing a quantitative understanding of the changing rates as they are related to diffuser induced oxygen demand.

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Passive Site Remediation for Mitigation of Liquefaction Risk

2008-10-24T19:39:00.003-07:00

Abstract

Passive site remediation is a new concept proposed for non-disruptive mitigation of liquefaction risk at developed sites susceptible to liquefaction. It is based on the concept of slow injection of stabilizing materials at the edge of a site and delivery of the stabilizer to the target location using the natural groundwater flow. The purpose of this research was to establish the feasibility of passive site remediation through identification of stabilizing materials, a study of how to design or adapt groundwater flow patterns to deliver the stabilizers to the right place at the right time, and an evaluation of potential time requirements and costs.

Stabilizer candidates need to have long, controllable gel times and low viscosities so they can flow into a liquefiable formation slowly over a long period of time. Colloidal silica is a potential stabilizer for passive site remediation because at low concentrations it has a low viscosity and a wide range of controllable gel times of up to about 100 days.

Loose Monterey No. 0/30 sand samples (Dr = 22%) treated with colloidal silica grout were tested under cyclic triaxial loading to investigate the influence of colloidal silica grout on the deformation properties. Distinctly different deformation properties were observed between grouted and ungrouted samples. Untreated samples developed very little axial strain after only a few cycles and prior to the onset of liquefaction. Once liquefaction was triggered, large strains occurred rapidly and the samples collapsed within a few additional cycles. In contrast, grouted sand samples experienced very little strain during cyclic loading. What strain accumulated did so uniformly throughout loading and the samples remained intact after cyclic loading. In general, samples stabilized with 20 weight percent colloidal silica experienced very little (less than two percent) strain during cyclic loading. Sands stabilized with 10 weight percent colloidal silica tolerated cyclic loading well, but experienced slightly more (up to eight percent) strain. Treatment with colloidal silica grout significantly increased the deformation resistance of loose sand to cyclic loading.

Groundwater and solute transport modeling were done using the codes MODFLOW, MODPATH, and MT3DMS. A "numerical experiment" was done to determine the ranges of hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic gradient where passive site remediation might be feasible. For a treatment are of 200 feet by 200 feet, a stabilizer travel time of 100 days, and a single line of low-head (less than three feet) injection wells, it was found that passive site remediation could be feasible in formations with hydraulic conductivity values of 0.05 cm/s or more and hydraulic gradients of 0.005 and above. Extraction wells will increase the speed of delivery and help control the down gradient extent of stabilizer movement. The results of solute transport modeling indicate that dispersion will play a large role in determining the concentration of stabilizer that will be required to deliver an adequate concentration at the down gradient edge. Consequently, thorough characterization of the hydraulic conductivity throughout the formation will be necessary for successful design and implementation of passive site remediation.

The cost of passive site remediation is expected to be competitive with other methods of chemical grouting, i.e. in the range of $60 to $180 per cubic meter of treated soil, depending on the concentration of colloidal silica used.

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Experiments and Analysis of Water-filled Tubes Used as Temporary Flood Barriers

2008-10-24T19:39:00.001-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Freeman, Marcos
Author's Email Address mafreem3@vt.edu
URN etd-05062002-150824
Title Experiments and Analysis of Water-filled Tubes Used as Temporary Flood Barriers
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. George M. Filz Committee Co-Chair
Dr. Raymond H. Plaut Committee Co-Chair
Dr. Thomas E. Cousins Committee Member
Keywords

* inflatable tubes
* flood fighting
* geotubes
* flood control
* geosynthetic material
* flood barrier
* two-dimensional analysis

Date of Defense 2002-04-26
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

Geosynthetic tubes filled with water are considered. The tubes can be used in applications to resist rising floodwaters. They can also be used to form breakwaters and protect shores from erosion. This thesis considers single and stacked tubes resting on a rigid and deformable foundation resisting rising hydrostatic headwater.

Experiments were carried out to determine the behavior of a three-tube stacked configuration resting on a sand foundation. This study was a continuation of previous work on unstacked tubes. Many tests were performed to determine the deformation and stability of the system. A geosynthetic drain was placed beneath the tubes to prevent piping. The objective was to cause failure of the system in a sliding manner and formulate a hypothesis according to the placement of the drain beneath the tubes. In order to cause a sliding failure, a strapping system was developed to try and prevent the tubes from rolling.

A single tube at rest, filled with water but with no external hydrostatic pressure, was considered for analysis first. The tube rested on a rigid foundation and was assumed to be infinitely long. The friction between the tube and the foundation was neglected, and the bending stiffness of the tube was assumed to be negligible. The tube material was assumed to be inextensible. Mathematica was used to solve the system of equations and compute the unknowns. Excel was used to plot the data and observe the behavior of the tubes.

An analysis was also performed on a single tube with an apron attached, resting on a rigid foundation. The apron was attached on the rising headwater side to increase stability. The assumptions for the tube at rest were also applied in this analysis. Two cases were derived and analyzed: a case where the internal hydrostatic pressure remains constant, and a case where the cross-sectional area remains constant. For the second case, the internal pressure changes as the floodwater level rises.

The results from this study demonstrated that water-filled tubes, stacked or with an apron attached, can be an effective alternative method to sandbags in resisting floodwaters.

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Contemporary Network Theory: Concepts and Implications for Transportation Asset Management

2008-10-24T19:38:00.000-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Fonseca, Andrea Esperanza
Author's Email Address andreafm@vt.edu
URN etd-06122007-121744
Title Contemporary Network Theory: Concepts and Implications for Transportation Asset Management
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. Gerardo W. Flintsch Committee Chair
Elisa Sotelino-Ph.D Committee Member
Michael Garvin-Ph.D. Committee Member
Keywords

* Transportation Infrastructure; Asset Management; N

Date of Defense 2007-05-29
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

This thesis proposes a novel working paradigm for transportation infrastructure asset management by viewing the transportation networks as key components (or nodes) of a broader network of resources, which includes infrastructure linked with society’s ecological, social, and economic systems. An extensive review of network science literature suggested that to understand the behavior of a complex network is imperative to characterize its topology. Consequently, this thesis focused on developing a framework to characterize the topology of the transportation infrastructure systems, and understanding how the unveiling topology can be used for supporting transportation asset management decisions.

The proposed methodology determines whether the transportation infrastructure networks can be modeled as scale-free or exponential networks, using a framework for characterizing the agents of the network, their direct and indirect interactions among each other, and their importance as elements of a complex network, and utilizes these data to support transportation asset management. The methodology consist of seven steps: (1) define the networks of interest; (2) identify their intrinsic components; (3) visualize the identified networks using GIS maps; (4) identify direct and indirect interactions through superposition of the networks; (5) represent the relationship between the nodes and their linkages by frequency diagrams in order to determine the intrinsic topology of the network; (6) illustrate (graphically) the overall transportation infrastructure with the help of GIS; and (7) analyze the TINs from the decision-maker point of view, identifying the elements that are more relevant or need more attention on the network.

The procedure is then implemented in a small network in a localized area (Town of Blacksburg, Virginia) to show its practicality, and recommendations for further development and mathematical modeling in order to allow its implementation in larger networks are provided. Based on frequency analysis of the nodes and their connectivity, it was concluded that the transportation infrastructure networks in the case study behave as exponential networks. The study showed that the links determine how the infrastructure network grows and that problems like congestion can be addressed by analyzing other factors related with topology, such as speed, unit size, and lane width. The proposed methodology was found to be useful as an asset management tool. Finally, a list of findings and recommendations for further research are presented as opportunities to enhance the management of transportation infrastructure networks.

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AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURAL COMPOSITE LUMBER LOADED BY A DOWEL IN PERPENDICULAR TO GRAIN ORIENTATION AT YIELD AND CAPACITY

2008-10-24T19:35:00.003-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Finkenbinder, David Edward
Author's Email Address davidfink@vt.edu
URN etd-09142007-121840
Title AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURAL COMPOSITE LUMBER LOADED BY A DOWEL IN PERPENDICULAR TO GRAIN ORIENTATION AT YIELD AND CAPACITY
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. Daniel P. Hindman Committee Co-Chair
Dr. W. Samuel Easterling Committee Co-Chair
Dr. Joseph R. Loferski Committee Member
Dr. Surot Thangjitham Committee Member
Keywords

* Parallel Strand Lumber
* Laminated Veneer Lumber
* Capacity
* Monotonic Loading
* Wood Connections

Date of Defense 2007-09-04
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

The research summarized by this thesis was comprised of an experimental analysis of beams loaded perpendicular to grain at midspan by a bolted double-shear laterally-loaded connection. Connection specimens were loaded monotonically until capacity was reached. Variables of consideration included the loaded edge distance of the connection main member, the span:depth ratio of the main member, and the main member material. Southern pine machine-stress-rated (MSR) lumber, laminated veneer lumber (LVL), and parallel strand lumber (PSL) were the three material types included in the program.

Experimental results were compared with theoretical predictions from three models: the yield theory-based general dowel equations, which are currently the standard for laterally-loaded connection design in the U.S., and two models based upon fracture mechanics. All material property inputs required by the three models, were measured in the experimental program of this research and used to produce theoretical predictions. Comparisons were also made with respect to design values in the form of calculated factors of safety, over-strengths, and design factors of safety.

Test results and observed trends are provided for all connection and material property tests. Notable trends included failure by splitting for all connections at low loaded edge distances, and variable span:depth ratios generally having a negligible effect on both connection and model performance. In most cases, the general dowel equations were more accurate than the two fracture models, however it should be noted that all three models over-predicted connection capacity at low loaded edge distances.

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Effect of Spatial Scale on Hydrologic Modeling in a Headwater Catchment

2008-10-24T19:35:00.001-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Fedak, Ryan Michael
Author's Email Address rfedak@vt.edu
URN etd-020299-165300
Title Effect of Spatial Scale on Hydrologic Modeling in a Headwater Catchment
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. D. F. Kibler Committee Chair
Dr. G. V. Loganathan Committee Member
Dr. Tamim Younos Committee Member
Keywords

* spatial scale
* TOPMODEL
* hydrology

Date of Defense 1999-01-29
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

In this study, two hydrologic models were applied to the mountainous Back Creek catchment, located in the headwaters of the Roanoke River in Southwest Virginia. The two models employed were HEC-1, an event based lumped model, and TOPMODEL, a continuous semi-distributed model. These models were used to investigate (a) the issue of spatial scale in hydrologic modeling, and (b) two approaches to modeling, continuous versus event based. Two HEC-1 models were developed with a different number of subareas in each. The hydrographs generated by each HEC-1 model for a number of large rainfall events were analyzed visually and statistically. No observable improvement resulted from increasing the number of subareas in the HEC-1 models from 20 to 81.

TOPMODEL was applied to the same watershed using a series of different size grid cells. The first step in applying TOPMODEL to a watershed involves GIS analysis which results in a raster grid of elevations used for the calculation of the topographic index, ln(a/tan b). The hydrographs generated by TOPMODEL with each grid cell size were compared in order to assess the sensitivity of TOPMODEL hydrographs to grid cell size. An increase in grid cell size from 15 to 120 meters resulted in increased values of the watershed mean of the topographic index. However, hydrographs generated by TOPMODEL were completely unaffected by this increase in the topographic index. Analyses were also performed to determine the sensitivity of TOPMODEL hydrographs to several model parameters. It was determined that the parameters that had the greatest effect on hydrographs generated by TOPMODEL were the m and ln(To) parameters.

The modeling performances of the event based HEC-1 and the continuous TOPMODEL were analyzed and compared visually and statistically for a number of large storms. The limited number of storms used to compare HEC-1 and TOPMODEL makes it difficult to determine definitively which model simulates large storms better. It does appear that perhaps HEC-1 is slightly superior in that regard. TOPMODEL was also executed as an event based model for two single events and the resulting hydrographs were compared to the HEC-1 and continuous TOPMODEL results. Both HEC-1 and TOPMODEL (when used as a continuous model) simulate large storms better than TOPMODEL (when used as an event based model).

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Two Dimensional Analysis of Vibration Isolation of Rigid Bar Supported by Buckled or Pre-bent Struts

2008-10-24T19:34:00.006-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Favor, Helen McCusker
URN etd-12132004-205927
Title Two Dimensional Analysis of Vibration Isolation of Rigid Bar Supported by Buckled or Pre-bent Struts
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Dr. Raymond Plaut Committee Chair
Dr. Thomas Murray Committee Member
Dr. W. Samuel Easterling Committee Member
Keywords

* vibration
* Transmissibility
* passive vibration isolation
* buckled structures
* dynamic response
* vibration isolator

Date of Defense 2004-12-03
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

(ABSTRACT) The purpose of this research is to study a new type of vibration isolator, utilizing the post-buckled stiffness of elastic struts (or columns). The advantage of the post-buckled state is that ideally it can support more static load with a relatively small static deflection than traditional vibration isolators such as springs or rubber mounts, but can also exhibit a low axial stiffness when dynamic excitation is introduced. Three models consisting of buckled or pre-bent struts serving as vibration isolators which support a rigid bar are examined in this research. The three cases studied are 1) two buckled struts supporting a symmetric rigid bar, 2) two buckled struts supporting an asymmetric rigid bar, and 3) two pairs of buckled struts with a bonded filler supporting a symmetric rigid bar. The models are subjected to a harmonic excitation at the base, and external damping is included. The struts in all cases are modeled as an elastica, and the boundary conditions are clamped/clamped for all cases.

Because the purpose of the struts is to reduce unwanted vibrations, determining the displacement transmissibility of the system is the main goal of this research. Transmissibility versus frequency plots are generated for all cases, with varying parameters such as stiffness, damping, and location of center of mass, to determine how they affect the behavior of the struts. Models that produce a large range of frequencies at which the transmissibility is well below unity are the most effective. Vibration shapes are also determined for certain frequencies so that the physical behavior of the system can be studied.

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Evaluation of A "Floating" Aerobics Floor

2008-10-24T19:34:00.005-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Favor, Craig M.
URN etd-91432539751141
Title Evaluation of A "Floating" Aerobics Floor
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Thomas M. Murray Committee Chair
David E. Allen none
Raymond H. Plaut none
Richard M. Barker none
Keywords

* none

Date of Defense 1997-04-11
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

Aerobics dance floors often produce

annoying floor vibrations in adjacent parts of

a building due to the rhythmic impact of the

aerobicists. Various types of shock absorbing

aerobics and dance floors are widely used to

prevent injuries to the participants, but the

floors may not prevent vibrations in adjacent

areas of the building. The purpose of this

investigation is to evaluate a temporary

"floating" concrete aerobics floor designed to

prevent the force and vibrations induced by

rhythmic exercises from being transmitted to

the existing building floor system.

The test floor is a concrete slab mounted on

pressurized air springs. A series of tests was

conducted to determine the vibration

characteristics of the floor and the forces

transferred to the supporting floor system.

Experienced aerobicists compared the

response of the "floating" floor to existing aerobics floors.

Based on the experimental results, vibration

characteristics and a prediction of the force

transmitted to the supporting floor by the

"floating" floor system were determined.

Recommendations are made in terms of the

feasibility of the "floating" floor concept,

additional testing to be performed, and

possible applications.

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INVESTIGATION INTO SNAP LOADING OF CABLES USED IN MOORED BREAKWATERS

2008-10-24T19:34:00.003-07:00

Type of Document Master's Thesis
Author Farmer, Anthony Lee
Author's Email Address afarmer@vt.edu
URN etd-112999-093701
Title INVESTIGATION INTO SNAP LOADING OF CABLES USED IN MOORED BREAKWATERS
Degree Master of Science
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Raymond H. Plaut Committee Chair
Kamal B. Rojiani Committee Member
Siegfried M. Holzer Committee Member
Keywords

* nonlinear dynamics
* vibration
* snap loading
* breakwater
* mooring lines

Date of Defense 1999-11-18
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

A two-dimensional, nonlinear dynamic analysis is conducted on a moored breakwater

configuration to investigate snap loads in mooring lines. Breakwaters are structures used

to attenuate or eliminate waves and protect shorelines, harbors, and other natural and

man-made marine structures from wave damage. The breakwater in this investigation is

modeled both as a point mass and as a rigid body. Both models are subjected to free

undamped motions and forced undamped wave motion. Energy is dissipated through the

use of a coefficient of restitution applied when a mooring line becomes taut (i.e., reaches

its natural length). The mooring line is modeled as an inextensible cable with no axial or

bending resistance when slack. Snap loading arises when a mooring line transitions

suddenly from a slack condition to a taut condition. The analysis was conducted on a

breakwater configured upside down and hanging by two mooring lines. The length of the

mooring lines, coefficient of restitution, size and shape of the breakwater, initial position

of the breakwater, amplitude of wave forcing, ratio of vertical to horizontal forcing, and

frequency of forcing were all varied in the analysis. The results show that the rotations of

the rigid body and the wave forcing have a significant role in the analysis, indicating that

a rigid-body model for a moored breakwater under wave forcing is the more accurate model.

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An Investigation of the Biochemistry of Biological Phosphorus Removal

2008-10-24T19:34:00.001-07:00

Type of Document Dissertation
Author Erdal, Zeynep Kisoglu
URN etd-03082002-152908
Title An Investigation of the Biochemistry of Biological Phosphorus Removal
Degree PhD
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Clifford W. Randall Committee Chair
Dan Gallagher Committee Member
Eugene M. Gregory Committee Member
Gregory Boardman Committee Member
Jim Wightman Committee Member
Keywords

* energy metabolism
* enzyme activity
* polyhydroxyalkanoates
* glycogen
* biochemical model
* intracellular storage
* anaerobic stabilization
* activated sludge
* competition
* biological phosphorus removal

Date of Defense 2002-02-06
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

Although enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) and complete biological nutrient removal (BNR) systems can be operated successfully by experienced operators, the accuracy of design and strength of the scientific background need to be reinforced to enable accurate modeling and economically optimal design. One way to accomplish this would be through a better understanding of the biochemical mechanisms and microbial population dynamics that determine the reliability and efficiency of EBPR, and the utilization of this information to improve the design and operation of BNR plants. Such knowledge will also contribute to better structure of modeling tools that are used for design and educational purposes. The current body of knowledge is limited to observational studies that lack detailed biochemical explanations backed with a series of well planned experiments, and this has introduced uncertainties and inaccuracies into the biochemical and design models. Therefore, this study mainly covers a biochemical survey of the underlying metabolisms of active populations in BNR sludges. BNR biomass with biological phosphorus removal (BPR) capability was cultivated in continuous flow reactor (CFR) systems, configured as either University of Cape Town (UCT) and anoxic/oxic (A/O) systems. Following an acclimation period at 20°C, low temperature stress (5°C) was imposed on one UCT system for investigation of the response of the microbial consortium responsible from EBPR activity under cold temperature. Once a stable population with EBPR capabilities is established in each system, activities of ten enzymes that are hypothesized to be taking part in the EBPR metabolism were measured. These enzymes were selected among those that take part in major known pathways of bacterial energy and growth metabolism. Also, 13C-NMR was used as a tool to monitor the flux of labeled carbon in and out of pools of cellular storage; i.e. glycogen and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). Combining the gathered information, accurate mass balances of carbons and reducing equivalents were calculated, eventually leading to determination of the biochemical pathways utilized by the EBPR consortium. Additionally, anaerobic stabilization of COD, a long debated but empirically established phenomenon, was addressed during the study. Considering the pathways proposed to be operative under different conditions imposed on the EBPR systems, a biochemical explanation for the occurrence of COD stabilization in wastewater treatment systems that incorporate anaerobic zones was proposed. Accordingly, depending on the pathways actively used by a microbial consortium, electrons stored in NADH and FADH2 can either be transferred to the terminal electron acceptor, oxygen, or they can be incorporated into storage polymers such as glycogen for future use. Such differences in metabolism reflect in the quantity of the oxygen consumed in the aerobic reactors. Thus, the correct incorporation of anaerobic stabilization of COD into process design would reduce design aeration requirements and result in economic savings during both construction and operation.

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The Effects of Temperatures on System Performance and Bacterial Community Structure in a Biological Phosphorus Removal System

2008-10-24T19:33:00.005-07:00

Type of Document Dissertation
Author Erdal, Ufuk Goksin
URN etd-03082002-154444
Title The Effects of Temperatures on System Performance and Bacterial Community Structure in a Biological Phosphorus Removal System
Degree PhD
Department Civil Engineering
Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title
Clifford W. Randall Committee Chair
Dan L. Gallagher Committee Member
Eugene M. Gregory Committee Member
Gregory D. Boardman Committee Member
James P. Wightman Committee Member
Keywords

* homeoviscous adaptation
* competition
* activated sludge
* biological phosphorus removal
* energy metabolism
* aerobic recycle
* PAOs
* cold stress
* polyhydroxyalkanoates
* GAOs
* temperature
* glycogen

Date of Defense 2002-02-01
Availability unrestricted
Abstract

It is generally accepted that a decrease in temperature causes the rates of chemical and biochemical reactions to slow down, usually resulting in poorer performance of biological wastewater treatment systems. Despite this, early researchers repeatedly showed that excess biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) was more efficient at colder temperatures. Recent studies, however, have demonstrated that the reaction rates of EBPR processes decrease with temperature in accordance with Arrhenius’ Law, resulting in an apparent contradiction in the literature. The objective of this study was to investigate the EBPR temperature controversy. The experimental systems used were two, lab-scale UCT configuration plants fed with acetate as the sole volatile fatty acid (VFA) source. The results showed that EBPR systems do perform more efficiently at colder temperatures, i.e., at 5oC compared to 20oC. The reason for better system performance was determined to be related to reduced competition for substrate in the non-oxic zones that results in an increased population of phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) relative to non-PAOs and, therefore, greater EBPR efficiency even though the reaction rates are slower. The proliferation of PAOs relative to non-PAOs at cold temperature indicates that some of the PAOs are psychrophilic, i.e., they have alternate biochemical pathways that give them a competitive advantage over bacteria dependent upon glycogen metabolism. The activated sludge acclimated to 20oC had relatively high polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) and glycogen contents relative to sludge acclimated to 5oC. It was initially hypothized that there is a significant competition between PAO and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) at 20oC and cold temperature (5oC) nearly eliminates this competition in favor of the PAOs. A series of batch test experiments revealed that despite similar acetate utilization by the sludges grown at the two temperatures nearly 30% less PHA was produced by the sludge taken from the 20oC reactor, indicating that GAOs were a small fraction of the population at 20oC. Transmission electron microscopy pictures showed that the biomass acclimated to 20oC had a much more diverse bacterial population than the biomass acclimated to 5oC. However, no GAO population was detected in electron microscopy samples under any temperature conditions. The decreased P removal efficiency at 20oC was then attributed to the presence of fermentative or other non poly-P bacteria that are capable of utilizing substrate under anaerobic conditions.

PHA production greatly increased at 5oC, whereas glycogen metabolism substantially reduced. Even though glycogen is an essential requirement for EBPR mechanism, the EBPR microorganisms have the ability to adapt their metabolic pathways to environmental conditions and greatly reduce their need for glycogen. It is apperant that cold temperature inhibits some of the key enzymes in glycogen metabolism resulting in lower glycogen accumulation that in turn increases the EBPR performance. Therefore temperature not only exerts selective pressure on the dominant population but also alters the metabolic pathways of the EBPR process. Increased glycogen accumulation, as observed in this study at 20oC, may not be related to GAO proliferation as suggested by Filipe et al. (2001) instead it may be related to EBPR bacteria to efficiently use glycogen metabolism. Current models (Brdjanovic et al. 1997; Filipe et al. 2002) consider that GAO metabolism is an integral part of EBPR metabolism and the performance of EBPR processes depends on PAO/GAO fraction in the EBPR system. No GAO proliferation was observed even the A/O process was operated without P addition for more than 3 weeks at 10oC. Therefore such important concept should be further investigated before it is included in EBPR models.

EBPR stoichiometry was presumed to be insensitive to temperatures (Brdjanovic et al. 1997). However, observed stoichiometric values of PHA storage per unit glycogen utilization and PHA utilization per unit glycogen rephlenishment were quite different at different temperatures. Temperature, therefore, not only affects the kinetics of EBPR systems but also affects the EBPR stoichiometry.

Most prokaryotic cells have the ability to alter their cellular membrane fatty acid composition as temperature decreases to counteract the adverse effects of temperature on membrane fluidity (Becker et al., 1996). This unique ability is known as “homeoviscous adaptation”. In this study, homeoviscous adaptation by EBPR activated sludge was investigated for a series of temperatures ranging from 20oC to 5oC using one of the lab scale EBPR systems. The fatty acid analysis results showed that the unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio increased from 1.40 to 3.61 as temperature dropped from 20 to 5oC. The increased cis-9-hexadecanoic acid (C16:1) at 5oC strongly indicated the presence of homeoviscous adaptation in the EBPR bacterial community. Thus the cell membranes of the EBPR community were still in a fluid state, and solute transport and proton motive force mechanisms were operable even at 5oC. It was concluded that loss of EBPR performance at low temperatures, as reported by McClintock et al. (1992) was not related to the physical state of the cellular membranes, but was probably caused by unsuitable operational conditions.

Even though the transport of volatile fatty acids (e.g. acetate) is an integral part of EBPR biochemistry and stoichiometry, this important concept has been ignored. Fleet (1997) concluded that acetate entry into bacterial cells in EBPR sludge was simple passive diffusion based upon the results of a single study (Baronofsky et al. 1984). However, this study showed that neither acetate nor propionate can cross the cell membrane via simple passive diffusion. The existence of apparent saturation curves when the substrate uptake rates (acetate and propionate) were plotted against the substrate concentrations suggested that transport of volatile fatty acids obey facilitated or active transport.

Following from the above results, an investigation of the impacts of operational conditions such as low solids retention time (SRT), presence of electron acceptors in the non-oxic zones, low anaerobic detention time, and lack of acclimation was performed. The results showed that the ‘critical, i.e., wash-out’ SRT increased as temperature decreased, but if the biomass was permitted to acclimate to the lower temperature, a major population shift would occur which would increase the capacity of the system for phosphorus (P) removal. When the 5 oC sludge was allowed to acclimate at a relatively high SRT (18 d), the system’s P-removal capacity greatly surpassed that of the 20 oC system. The decrease in EBPR performance because of the presence of nitrates in the non-oxic zones was determined to be greater than what would be predicted based on accepted stoichiometry

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